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11 KiB
11 KiB
ethtool
说明
ethtool命令用于获取以太网卡的配置信息,或者修改这些配置。这个命令比较复杂,功能特别多
选项
ethtool [ -a | -c | -g | -i | -d | -k | -r | -S |] ethX
ethtool [-A] ethX [autoneg on|off] [rx on|off] [tx on|off]
ethtool [-C] ethX [adaptive-rx on|off] [adaptive-tx on|off] [rx-usecs N] [rx-frames N] [rx-usecs-irq N] [rx-frames-irq N] [tx-usecs N] [tx-frames N] [tx-usecs-irq N] [tx-frames-irq N] [stats-block-usecs N][pkt-rate-low N][rx-usecs-low N] [rx-frames-low N] [tx-usecs-low N] [tx-frames-lowN] [pkt-rate-high N] [rx-usecs-high N] [rx-frames-high N] [tx-usecs-high N] [tx-frames-high N] [sample-interval N]
ethtool [-G] ethX [rx N] [rx-mini N] [rx-jumbo N] [tx N]
ethtool [-e] ethX [raw on|off] [offset N] [length N]
ethtool [-E] ethX [magic N] [offset N] [value N]
ethtool [-K] ethX [rx on|off] [tx on|off] [sg on|off] [tso on|off]
ethtool [-p] ethX [N]
ethtool [-t] ethX [offline|online]
ethtool [-s] ethX [speed 10|100|1000] [duplex half|full] [autoneg on|off] [port tp|aui|bnc|mii] [phyad N] [xcvr internal|external]
[wol p|u|m|b|a|g|s|d...] [sopass xx:yy:zz:aa:bb:cc] [msglvl N]
-a 查看网卡中 接收模块RX、发送模块TX和Autonegotiate模块的状态:启动on 或 停用off
-A 修改网卡中 接收模块RX、发送模块TX和Autonegotiate模块的状态:启动on 或 停用off
-c display the Coalesce information of the specified ethernet card
-C Change the Coalesce setting of the specified ethernet card
-g Display the rx/tx ring parameter information of the specified ethernet card
-G change the rx/tx ring setting of the specified ethernet card
-i 显示网卡驱动的信息,如驱动的名称、版本等
-d 显示register dump信息, 部分网卡驱动不支持该选项
-e 显示EEPROM dump信息,部分网卡驱动不支持该选项
-E 修改网卡EEPROM byte
-k 显示网卡Offload参数的状态:on 或 off,包括rx-checksumming、tx-checksumming等
-K 修改网卡Offload参数的状态
-p 用于区别不同ethX对应网卡的物理位置,常用的方法是使网卡port上的led不断的闪;N指示了网卡闪的持续时间,以秒为单位
-r 如果auto-negotiation模块的状态为on,则restarts auto-negotiation
-S 显示NIC- and driver-specific 的统计参数,如网卡接收/发送的字节数、接收/发送的广播包个数等
-t 让网卡执行自我检测,有两种模式:offline or online
-s 修改网卡的部分配置,包括网卡速度、单工/全双工模式、mac地址等
ethtool DEVNAME Display standard information about device
ethtool -s|--change DEVNAME Change generic options
[ speed %d ]
[ duplex half|full ]
[ port tp|aui|bnc|mii|fibre ]
[ mdix auto|on|off ]
[ autoneg on|off ]
[ advertise %x ]
[ phyad %d ]
[ xcvr internal|external ]
[ wol p|u|m|b|a|g|s|d... ]
[ sopass %x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x ]
[ msglvl %d | msglvl type on|off ... ]
ethtool -a|--show-pause DEVNAME Show pause options
ethtool -A|--pause DEVNAME Set pause options
[ autoneg on|off ]
[ rx on|off ]
[ tx on|off ]
ethtool -c|--show-coalesce DEVNAME Show coalesce options
ethtool -C|--coalesce DEVNAME Set coalesce options
[adaptive-rx on|off]
[adaptive-tx on|off]
[rx-usecs N]
[rx-frames N]
[rx-usecs-irq N]
[rx-frames-irq N]
[tx-usecs N]
[tx-frames N]
[tx-usecs-irq N]
[tx-frames-irq N]
[stats-block-usecs N]
[pkt-rate-low N]
[rx-usecs-low N]
[rx-frames-low N]
[tx-usecs-low N]
[tx-frames-low N]
[pkt-rate-high N]
[rx-usecs-high N]
[rx-frames-high N]
[tx-usecs-high N]
[tx-frames-high N]
[sample-interval N]
ethtool -g|--show-ring DEVNAME Query RX/TX ring parameters
ethtool -G|--set-ring DEVNAME Set RX/TX ring parameters
[ rx N ]
[ rx-mini N ]
[ rx-jumbo N ]
[ tx N ]
ethtool -k|--show-features|--show-offload DEVNAME Get state of protocol offload and other features
ethtool -K|--features|--offload DEVNAME Set protocol offload and other features
FEATURE on|off ...
ethtool -i|--driver DEVNAME Show driver information
ethtool -d|--register-dump DEVNAME Do a register dump
[ raw on|off ]
[ file FILENAME ]
ethtool -e|--eeprom-dump DEVNAME Do a EEPROM dump
[ raw on|off ]
[ offset N ]
[ length N ]
ethtool -E|--change-eeprom DEVNAME Change bytes in device EEPROM
[ magic N ]
[ offset N ]
[ length N ]
[ value N ]
ethtool -r|--negotiate DEVNAME Restart N-WAY negotiation
ethtool -p|--identify DEVNAME Show visible port identification (e.g. blinking)
[ TIME-IN-SECONDS ]
ethtool -t|--test DEVNAME Execute adapter self test
[ online | offline | external_lb ]
ethtool -S|--statistics DEVNAME Show adapter statistics
ethtool --phy-statistics DEVNAME Show phy statistics
ethtool -n|-u|--show-nfc|--show-ntuple DEVNAME Show Rx network flow classification options or rules
[ rx-flow-hash tcp4|udp4|ah4|esp4|sctp4|tcp6|udp6|ah6|esp6|sctp6 [context %d] |
rule %d ]
ethtool -N|-U|--config-nfc|--config-ntuple DEVNAME Configure Rx network flow classification options or rules
rx-flow-hash tcp4|udp4|ah4|esp4|sctp4|tcp6|udp6|ah6|esp6|sctp6 m|v|t|s|d|f|n|r... [context %d] |
flow-type ether|ip4|tcp4|udp4|sctp4|ah4|esp4|ip6|tcp6|udp6|ah6|esp6|sctp6
[ src %x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x [m %x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x] ]
[ dst %x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x [m %x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x] ]
[ proto %d [m %x] ]
[ src-ip IP-ADDRESS [m IP-ADDRESS] ]
[ dst-ip IP-ADDRESS [m IP-ADDRESS] ]
[ tos %d [m %x] ]
[ tclass %d [m %x] ]
[ l4proto %d [m %x] ]
[ src-port %d [m %x] ]
[ dst-port %d [m %x] ]
[ spi %d [m %x] ]
[ vlan-etype %x [m %x] ]
[ vlan %x [m %x] ]
[ user-def %x [m %x] ]
[ dst-mac %x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x [m %x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x] ]
[ action %d ]
[ context %d ]
[ loc %d]] |
delete %d
ethtool -T|--show-time-stamping DEVNAME Show time stamping capabilities
ethtool -x|--show-rxfh-indir|--show-rxfh DEVNAME Show Rx flow hash indirection table and/or RSS hash key
[ context %d ]
ethtool -X|--set-rxfh-indir|--rxfh DEVNAME Set Rx flow hash indirection table and/or RSS hash key
[ context %d|new ]
[ equal N | weight W0 W1 ... | default ]
[ hkey %x:%x:%x:%x:%x:.... ]
[ hfunc FUNC ]
[ delete ]
ethtool -f|--flash DEVNAME Flash firmware image from the specified file to a region on the device
FILENAME [ REGION-NUMBER-TO-FLASH ]
ethtool -P|--show-permaddr DEVNAME Show permanent hardware address
ethtool -w|--get-dump DEVNAME Get dump flag, data
[ data FILENAME ]
ethtool -W|--set-dump DEVNAME Set dump flag of the device
N
ethtool -l|--show-channels DEVNAME Query Channels
ethtool -L|--set-channels DEVNAME Set Channels
[ rx N ]
[ tx N ]
[ other N ]
[ combined N ]
ethtool --show-priv-flags DEVNAME Query private flags
ethtool --set-priv-flags DEVNAME Set private flags
FLAG on|off ...
ethtool -m|--dump-module-eeprom|--module-info DEVNAME Query/Decode Module EEPROM information and optical diagnostics if available
[ raw on|off ]
[ hex on|off ]
[ offset N ]
[ length N ]
ethtool --show-eee DEVNAME Show EEE settings
ethtool --set-eee DEVNAME Set EEE settings
[ eee on|off ]
[ advertise %x ]
[ tx-lpi on|off ]
[ tx-timer %d ]
ethtool --show-fec DEVNAME Show FEC settings
ethtool --set-fec DEVNAME Set FEC settings
[ encoding auto|off|rs|baser ]
数据来源
Ethtool命令显示的信息来源于网卡驱动层,即TCP/ip协议的链路层。该命令在Linux内核中实现的逻辑层次为:
最重要的结构体struct ethtool_ops
,该结构体成员为用于显示或修改以太网卡配置的一系列函数指针,见下表中的第二列
网卡驱动负责实现(部分)这些函数,并将其封装入ethtool_ops
结构体,为网络核心层提供统一的调用接口。因此,不同的网卡驱动
会给应用层返回不同的信息。Ethtool命令选项
、struct ethtool_ops成员函数
、Ethtool命令显示参数的来源
,三者间的对应关系
如下表所示:
命令选项 | struct ethtool_ops成员函数 | Ethtool命令显示参数的来源(以网卡驱动BNX2为例) |
---|---|---|
无 -s | get_settingsget_wol get_msglevel get_link set_settings set_wol set_msglevel | 从网卡寄存器中获得网卡速度等信息,可配置 |
-a -A | get_pauseparam set_pauseparam | 从网卡寄存器中获得Autonegotiate/RX/TX模块的状态:on oroff,可配置 |
-c -C | get_coalesceset_coalesce | 从网卡寄存器中获得coalescing参数:TX/RX一个数据包后,推迟发生TX/RX中断的时间(us)/数据包个数 —减小该值可以提高网卡的响应时间。 当rx-usecs&rx-frames同时被设为0时,RX中断停止。 当tx-usecs&tx-frames同时被设为0时,TX中断停止 |
-g -G | get_ringparam set_ringparam | 除当前TX/RX ring的值(从网卡寄存器中读取得到,可配置)外,其它为网卡bnx2自己固定的信息 |
-k -K | get_rx_csumget_tx_csum get_sg get_tso set_rx_csum set_tx_csum set_sg set_tso | 显示信息从保存该状态的变量中读取 得到,没有对应的寄存器。因此,TX/RX校验等模块一直处于on状态,实际上是无法修改的 |
-i | get_drvinfo[self_test_count, get_stats_coun,t get_regs_len, get_eeprom_len] | 网卡bnx2自己固定的信息,如: —– driver: bnx2 version: 1.4.30 firmware-version: 1.8.0.5 bus-info: 0000:09:00.0 —— |
-d | get_drvinfoget_regs | 不支持,即bnx2中没有实现函数get_regs |
-e -E | get_eepromset_eeprom | 不支持,即bnx2中没有实现函数get_eeprom |
-r | nway_reset | 配置网卡MII_BMCR寄存器,重启Auto negotiation模块 |
-p | phys_id | 配置网卡BNX2_EMAC_LED寄存器,实现LED闪功能 |
-t | self_test | 通过配置网卡寄存器,逐一测试网卡的硬件模块:registers,memory,loopback,Link stat,interrupt |
-S | get_ethtool_stats | 显示信息来源于网卡驱动中的结构体变量stats_blk。(网卡通过DMA方式,将寄存器BNX2_HC_STATISTICS_ADDR_L 和BNX2_HC_STATISTICS_ADDR_H中的数据实时地读取到结构体变量struct statistics_block *stats_blk中。) —显示的数据都是从网卡寄存器中统计得到的,各项的含义需查询网卡(芯片)手册 |
由上可见,ethtool命令用于显示/配置网卡硬件(寄存器)
实例
ethool eth0 # 查看机器上网卡的速度:百兆还是千兆
ethtool -A tx off eth0 # 输出信息中`Speed:`这一项就指示了网卡的速度。停止网卡的发送模块TX
ethtool -i eth0 # 可输入`ethtool -a eth0`,查看tx模块是否已被停止。查看网卡eth0采用了何种驱动
ethtool -K eth0 rx off # 显示 driver: bnx2;version: 1.4.30 等信息。关闭网卡对收到的数据包的校验功能
ethtool -p eth0 10 # 可输入`ethtool –k eth0`,查看校验功能是否已被停止。如安装了两块网卡,查询eth0对应那块网卡
ethtool -S eth0 # 看哪块网卡的led灯在闪,eth0就对应着哪块网卡。查看网卡,在接收/发送数据时,有没有出错
ethtool -s eth0 speed 100 # 将千兆网卡的速度降为百兆
ethtool --change eth0 autoneg off speed 100 duplex full # 手动设制网卡速度