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# CentOS7-安装MySQL
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CentOS7的安装，采用的是yum的方式安装。
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yum方式安装，就类似在Windows下不停的下一步，下一步。
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根据官方的文档去安装MySQL。
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## 一、MySQL5.7
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直接跳转到这个路径，这个路径后期MySQL可能会变，最好是根据咱们的视频去官网找到指定路径
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https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/
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### 1.1 安装wget
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直接执行yum的方式安装
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```powershell
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yum -y install wget
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```
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### 1.2 下载&安装MySQL的rpm源
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直接执行下述命令，下载rpm源，同理最好是去官网找，因为下载路径可能会变
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```powershell
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wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
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```
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安装rpm源
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```powershell
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rpm -Uvh mysql80-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
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```
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查看yum源中，关于MySQL的内容
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```powershell
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yum repolist all | grep mysql
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```
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发现默认安装的版本是8.0，需改修改为5.7
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### 1.3 修改MySQL安装版本
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按照官方的形式，修改 `/etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo`文件
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需要将5.7的enabled设置为1，将8.0的enabled设置为0
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保存并退出之后，再次执行yum命令，查看当前安装的版本
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```powershell
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yum repolist all | grep mysql
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```
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### 1.4 下载并启动MySQL
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直接安装MySQL社区版服务即可，执行下述指令
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```powershell
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yum -y install mysql-community-server
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```
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当上述安装完毕之后，默认MySQL服务是关闭，需要启动MySQL服务
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```powershell
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# 启动MySQL服务
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systemctl start mysqld
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# 开机自动启动MySQL
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systemctl enable mysqld
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```
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登录MySQL服务前，需要找到yum方式安装后，生成的随机密码
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```powershell
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grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
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```
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找到密码后，直接登录
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```powershell
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mysql -u root -p
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回车后，输入密码
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```
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登录之后，第一件事情，一定是修改密码
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直接下述命令，密码有强度校验，至少8位，需要有小写字母，大写字母，数字和特殊符号
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```powershell
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ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Zxcvb1.0';
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```
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### 1.5 开启MySQL远程连接用户
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直接基于grant命令，构建一个远程连接用户
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```powershell
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# 构建一个远程连接用户
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GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'zjw'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Zxcvb1.0' WITH GRANT OPTION;
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# 刷新权限
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FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
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```
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想使用其他服务的工具连接MySQL，需要让CentOS关闭防火墙，或者单独开放3306端口。
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如果你用的是云服务器，需要在云服务器的控制台里开放安全组，释放3306
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我这里就直接关闭防火墙，禁止防火墙开机自启
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```powershell
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# 关闭
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systemctl stop firewalld
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# 禁止开机自启
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systemctl disable firewalld
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```
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需要注意一个点，有的同学，构建了远程连接用户，也关闭了防火墙，但是Navicat始终连接不上CentOS里的MySQL。如果有这个情况，你就先start防火墙，再关闭防火墙。
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```powershell
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systemctl start firewalld
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systemctl stop firewalld
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```
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## 二、MySQL8.0
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安装MySQL8.0和前面操作基本一模一样。
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需要注意点的：
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1. 跳过将MySQL8.0安装修改为5.7的过程。
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2. 再远程连接时，发现无法连接，需要以这种方式修改密码更换命令，需要指定一下加密方式
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```powershell
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# 8.0修改密码
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ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'Zxcvb1.0';
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# 刷新一下
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FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
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```
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