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# **7z**
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## 选项
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```markdown
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Usage: 7z <command> [<switches>...] <archive_name> [<file_names>...]
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[<@listfiles...>]
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<Commands>
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a : Add files to archive
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b : Benchmark
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d : Delete files from archive
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e : Extract files from archive (without using directory names)
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h : Calculate hash values for files
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i : Show information about supported formats
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l : List contents of archive
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rn : Rename files in archive
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t : Test integrity of archive
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u : Update files to archive
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x : eXtract files with full paths
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<Switches>
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-- : Stop switches parsing
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-ai[r[-|0]]{@listfile|!wildcard} : Include archives
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-ax[r[-|0]]{@listfile|!wildcard} : eXclude archives
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-ao{a|s|t|u} : set Overwrite mode
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-an : disable archive_name field
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-bb[0-3] : set output log level
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-bd : disable progress indicator
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-bs{o|e|p}{0|1|2} : set output stream for output/error/progress line
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-bt : show execution time statistics
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-i[r[-|0]]{@listfile|!wildcard} : Include filenames
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-m{Parameters} : set compression Method
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-mmt[N] : set number of CPU threads
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-o{Directory} : set Output directory
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-p{Password} : set Password
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-r[-|0] : Recurse subdirectories
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-sa{a|e|s} : set Archive name mode
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-scc{UTF-8|WIN|DOS} : set charset for for console input/output
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-scs{UTF-8|UTF-16LE|UTF-16BE|WIN|DOS|{id}} : set charset for list files
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-scrc[CRC32|CRC64|SHA1|SHA256|*] : set hash function for x, e, h commands
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-sdel : delete files after compression
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-seml[.] : send archive by email
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-sfx[{name}] : Create SFX archive
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-si[{name}] : read data from stdin
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-slp : set Large Pages mode
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-slt : show technical information for l (List) command
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-snh : store hard links as links
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-snl : store symbolic links as links
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-sni : store NT security information
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-sns[-] : store NTFS alternate streams
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-so : write data to stdout
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-spd : disable wildcard matching for file names
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-spe : eliminate duplication of root folder for extract command
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-spf : use fully qualified file paths
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-ssc[-] : set sensitive case mode
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-ssw : compress shared files
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-stl : set archive timestamp from the most recently modified file
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-stm{HexMask} : set CPU thread affinity mask (hexadecimal number)
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-stx{Type} : exclude archive type
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-t{Type} : Set type of archive
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-u[-][p#][q#][r#][x#][y#][z#][!newArchiveName] : Update options
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-v{Size}[b|k|m|g] : Create volumes
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-w[{path}] : assign Work directory. Empty path means a temporary directory
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-x[r[-|0]]{@listfile|!wildcard} : eXclude filenames
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-y : assume Yes on all queries
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p7zip p7zip-plugins
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```
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## 支持的zip格式压缩方法
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* 0 - Store
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* 1 - Shrink (decompression only)
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* 6 - Implode (decompression only)
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* 8 - Deflate
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* 9 - Deflate64
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* 12 - BZip2
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* 14 - LZMA
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* 95 - xz (decompression only)
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* 98 - PPMd
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* 99 - WinZip AES
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## 支持的7z格式压缩方法
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| 压缩方法 | 描述 |
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| :------: | :------: |
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| LZMA | Improved and optimized version of LZ77 algorithm |
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| LZMA2 | LZMA-based compression method. It provides better multithreading support than LZMA |
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| PPMD | Dmitry Shkarin's PPMdH with small changes |
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| BCJ | Converter for 32-bit x86 executables |
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| BCJ2 | Converter for 32-bit x86 executables |
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| BZip2 | Standard BWT algorithm |
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| Deflate | Standard LZ77-based algorithm |
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## 退出码含义
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| Code | Meaning |
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| :------: | :------: |
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| 0 | No error |
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| 1 | Warning (Non fatal error(s)). For example, one or more files were locked by some other application, so they were not compressed. |
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| 2 | Fatal error |
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| 7 | Command line error |
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| 8 | Not enough memory for operation |
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| 255 | User stopped the process |
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## 实例
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```bash
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7z a -r achive.7z /home # 压缩home目录，-r可以省略
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7z e archive.7z -o/home # 解压文件到home目录
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7z x archive.7z # 以完整路径解压文件
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7z u archive.7z *.doc # 更新所有doc文件并压缩到archive压缩包中
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7z d -r archive.7z *.log # 从压缩包删除文件,删除压缩包所有后缀为log文件
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7z l archive.7z # 列出压缩包中文件
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7z t -r archive.7z *.doc # 测试压缩包中的所有doc文件
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# 7z压缩文件，-t7z可以省略，/root/achive.7z表示将压缩文件放到root目录下，-m0=LZMA2 -mx表示以LZMA2算法等级是9，(0-9)，-aoa直
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# 接覆盖现有文件，-mmt多线程(30个线程)加速压缩，-y默认允许所有，-pSECRET表示密码是SECRET，-bb3设置输出日志文件等级(0-3)
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# -bsp1将命令输出写入到out.log文件
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7z a -r -t7z /root/achive.7z /home -m0=LZMA2 -mx=9 -aoa -mmt=30 -y -pSECRET -bb3 -bsp1 > out.log
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```
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## 恢复损坏的7z压缩包
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错误类型有两种：
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* 解压或测试时，提示：数据错误或CRC错误
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* 打开时，提示：文件'a.7z'作为存档无法打开
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