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56 KiB

说明

Author: haitaoss

源码阅读仓库: spring-cloud-gateway

参考资料和需要掌握的知识:

Spring Cloud Gateway 介绍

功能:接收请求并根据匹配的路由进行转发

术语:

  • Route: 是路由规则的描述。它由 ID、目标 URI、Predicate 集合Filter 集合组成。如果 Predicate 为真,则路由匹配。
  • Predicate: 这是一个 Java 8 函数接口。输入类型是 ServerWebExchange ,所以可以匹配 HTTP 请求中的任何内容,例如 Header 或参数。
  • Filter: 这些是使用特定工厂构建的 GatewayFilter 的实例。使用这个可以在发送下游请求之前或之后修改请求和响应。

Spring Cloud Gateway 是基于 Spring WebFlux 实现的,是通过注册 WebFlux 的生命周期组件实现控制请求执行。

# Spring WebFlux 处理请求的生命周期
客户端请求 -> WebFlux服务 -> WebFilter -> DispatcherHandler -> HandlerMapping -> HandlerAdapter -> 执行Handler方法

Gateway 通过注册 RoutePredicateHandlerMapping 实现核心逻辑

Gateway 自动装配

spring-cloud-gateway-server.jar!META-INF/spring.factories的部分内容

org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
    org.springframework.cloud.gateway.config.GatewayClassPathWarningAutoConfiguration,\
    org.springframework.cloud.gateway.config.GatewayAutoConfiguration,\
    org.springframework.cloud.gateway.config.GatewayResilience4JCircuitBreakerAutoConfiguration,\
    org.springframework.cloud.gateway.config.GatewayNoLoadBalancerClientAutoConfiguration,\
    org.springframework.cloud.gateway.config.GatewayMetricsAutoConfiguration,\
    org.springframework.cloud.gateway.config.GatewayRedisAutoConfiguration,\
    org.springframework.cloud.gateway.discovery.GatewayDiscoveryClientAutoConfiguration,\
    org.springframework.cloud.gateway.config.SimpleUrlHandlerMappingGlobalCorsAutoConfiguration,\
    org.springframework.cloud.gateway.config.GatewayReactiveLoadBalancerClientAutoConfiguration,\
    org.springframework.cloud.gateway.config.GatewayReactiveOAuth2AutoConfiguration

spring-cloud-gateway-webflux.jar!META-INF/spring.factories的内容

org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
org.springframework.cloud.gateway.webflux.config.ProxyResponseAutoConfiguration

org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.reactive.AutoConfigureWebFlux=\
org.springframework.cloud.gateway.webflux.config.ProxyResponseAutoConfiguration

spring-cloud-gateway-mvc.jar!META-INF/spring.factories的内容

org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
org.springframework.cloud.gateway.mvc.config.ProxyResponseAutoConfiguration

org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.AutoConfigureWebMvc=\
org.springframework.cloud.gateway.mvc.config.ProxyResponseAutoConfiguration

GatewayClassPathWarningAutoConfiguration

作用:检验启动环境不能是 SpringMVC

@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
@ConditionalOnProperty(name = "spring.cloud.gateway.enabled", matchIfMissing = true)
public class GatewayClassPathWarningAutoConfiguration {

	@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
    // SpringMVC 会存在这个类所以条件会满足这个类就会注册到BeanFactory中
	@ConditionalOnClass(name = "org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet")
	@ConditionalOnWebApplication(type = ConditionalOnWebApplication.Type.SERVLET)
	protected static class SpringMvcFoundOnClasspathConfiguration {

		public SpringMvcFoundOnClasspathConfiguration() {
             // 实例化就直接抛出异常
			throw new MvcFoundOnClasspathException();
		}

	}
}

GatewayAutoConfiguration

类图

RouteLocator 是为了得到Flux<Route>,可以使用 RouteLocatorBuilder 很方便的生成 RouteLocator。

RouteDefinitionRouteLocator 是会根据 RouteDefinition 生成 Route ,而 RouteDefinition 是由 RouteDefinitionLocator 生成的。

Route 是由 AsyncPredicate 和 GatewayFilter 组成的。而 AsyncPredicate 由 RoutePredicateFactory 生成GatewayF 创建 ilter 由 GatewayFilterFactory

RouteLocator

RoutePredicateHandlerMapping 通过 RouteLocator 得到的 Flux<Route> ,遍历执行Route.getPredicate().apply(ServerWebExchange) 返回true说明命中了路由规则,将命中的 Route 存到 ServerWebExchange 中,然后执行 FilteringWebHandler 。

FilteringWebHandler 的逻辑就是执行 GlobalFilter + GatewayFilter

Route

源码

可以自定义这些类型的 bean 实现功能的扩展:RouteLocatorHttpHeaderFilterGlobalFilterGatewayFilterFactoryRoutePredicateFactory

默认通过 @Bean 注册了很多的 GlobalFilter、GatewayFilterFactory、RoutePredicateFactory 且都是有条件注解的,可以通过设置属性不进行默认注册。主要是有这三个条件注解

@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
@ConditionalOnProperty(name = "spring.cloud.gateway.enabled", matchIfMissing = true)
@ConditionalOnClass(DispatcherHandler.class)
public class GatewayAutoConfiguration {

    /**
     * 是工具类,可用来构造出 RouteLocator 实例。若想使用编码的方式配置 Route推荐使用这个 RouteLocatorBuilder。
     */
    @Bean
    public RouteLocatorBuilder routeLocatorBuilder(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
        return new RouteLocatorBuilder(context);
    }

    /**
     * 实现 RouteDefinitionLocator 接口,其特点是根据 GatewayProperties(配置文件中定义的route) 的内容返回 List<RouteDefinition>
     */
    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    public PropertiesRouteDefinitionLocator propertiesRouteDefinitionLocator(GatewayProperties properties) {
        return new PropertiesRouteDefinitionLocator(properties);
    }

    /**
     * 实现 RouteDefinitionRepository 接口,定义如何 save、delete RouteDefinition
     * 实现 RouteDefinitionLocator 接口,其特点是从缓存(Map、Redis等等)中得到 List<RouteDefinition>
     */
    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean(RouteDefinitionRepository.class)
    public InMemoryRouteDefinitionRepository inMemoryRouteDefinitionRepository() {
        return new InMemoryRouteDefinitionRepository();
    }

    /**
     * 聚合所有的 RouteDefinitionLocator
     */
    @Bean
    @Primary
    public RouteDefinitionLocator routeDefinitionLocator(List<RouteDefinitionLocator> routeDefinitionLocators) {
        return new CompositeRouteDefinitionLocator(Flux.fromIterable(routeDefinitionLocators));
    }

    /**
     * 是一个工具类,可用来 实例化类、属性绑定和属性校验(JSR303)
     * GatewayFilterFactory、RoutePredicateFactory 会使用 ConfigurationService 生成 Config 实例,并完成属性绑定和属性校验(JSR303)
     */
    @Bean
    public ConfigurationService gatewayConfigurationService(BeanFactory beanFactory,
                                                            @Qualifier("webFluxConversionService") ObjectProvider<ConversionService> conversionService,
                                                            ObjectProvider<Validator> validator) {
        return new ConfigurationService(beanFactory, conversionService, validator);
    }

    /**
     * RouteLocator 接口是用来生成 Flux<Route> 的。
     *
     * 依赖 RouteDefinitionLocator 得到 RouteDefinition , 而 RouteDefinition 中定义了 FilterDefinition、PredicateDefinition
     * 会使用 GatewayFilterFactory、RoutePredicateFactory 生成 GatewayFilter、Predicate ,然后配置给 Route 实例
     * 而 GatewayFilterFactory、RoutePredicateFactory 继承这两个接口 ShortcutConfigurable、Configurable这两个接口是为了得到 Config 。
     * 会使用 ConfigurationService 生成 Config 实例,并完成属性绑定和属性校验(JSR303)。
     * GatewayFilterFactory、RoutePredicateFactory 会根据 Config 来生成 GatewayFilter、Predicate
     */
    @Bean
    public RouteLocator routeDefinitionRouteLocator(GatewayProperties properties,
                                                    List<GatewayFilterFactory> gatewayFilters, List<RoutePredicateFactory> predicates,
                                                    RouteDefinitionLocator routeDefinitionLocator, ConfigurationService configurationService) {
        return new RouteDefinitionRouteLocator(routeDefinitionLocator, predicates, gatewayFilters, properties,
                configurationService);
    }

    /**
     * 聚合所有的 RouteLocator 。所以我们可以自定义 RouteLocator 自定义路由
     */
    @Bean
    @Primary
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean(name = "cachedCompositeRouteLocator")
    public RouteLocator cachedCompositeRouteLocator(List<RouteLocator> routeLocators) {
        return new CachingRouteLocator(new CompositeRouteLocator(Flux.fromIterable(routeLocators)));
    }

    /**
     * 实现 ApplicationListener<ApplicationEvent> 接口,
     * 收到关心的事件(ContextRefreshedEvent、RefreshScopeRefreshedEvent、InstanceRegisteredEvent、ParentHeartbeatEvent、HeartbeatEvent)
     * 就会 发布一个 RefreshRoutesEvent 事件
     */
    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnClass(name = "org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.event.HeartbeatMonitor")
    public RouteRefreshListener routeRefreshListener(ApplicationEventPublisher publisher) {
        return new RouteRefreshListener(publisher);
    }

    /**
     * FilteringWebHandler 实现 WebHandler 接口,可以理解成 SpringMVC 中的 handler
     * RoutePredicateHandlerMapping.getHandler() 返回的就是 FilteringWebHandler
     * FilteringWebHandler 就是遍历执行 GlobalFilter + Route配置的WebFilter
     */
    @Bean
    public FilteringWebHandler filteringWebHandler(List<GlobalFilter> globalFilters) {
        return new FilteringWebHandler(globalFilters);
    }

    /**
     * RoutePredicateHandlerMapping 实现 HandlerMapping 接口。
     *
     * RoutePredicateHandlerMapping#getHandler 是根据 RouteLocator 得到的 List<Route> 遍历执行 Route.getPredicate().apply(ServerWebExchange)
     * 为 true 就说明匹配,会返回 FilteringWebHandler
     */
    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    public RoutePredicateHandlerMapping routePredicateHandlerMapping(FilteringWebHandler webHandler,
                                                                     RouteLocator routeLocator, GlobalCorsProperties globalCorsProperties, Environment environment) {
        return new RoutePredicateHandlerMapping(webHandler, routeLocator, globalCorsProperties, environment);
    }

    // 生成 Predicate 的工厂
    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnEnabledPredicate
    public AfterRoutePredicateFactory afterRoutePredicateFactory() {
        return new AfterRoutePredicateFactory();
    }

    // 生成 GatewayFilter 的
    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnEnabledFilter
    public AddRequestHeaderGatewayFilterFactory addRequestHeaderGatewayFilterFactory() {
        return new AddRequestHeaderGatewayFilterFactory();
    }

    // 实现 HttpHeadersFilter 接口。 NettyRoutingFilter、WebsocketRoutingFilter 会依赖这种类型的bean用来对 Header 进行修改
    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnProperty(name = "spring.cloud.gateway.x-forwarded.enabled", matchIfMissing = true)
    public XForwardedHeadersFilter xForwardedHeadersFilter() {
        return new XForwardedHeadersFilter();
    }

    // 会使用这个执行 Http、Https 请求,同时依赖 HttpHeadersFilter 用来对 Header 进行修改
    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnEnabledGlobalFilter
    public NettyRoutingFilter routingFilter(HttpClient httpClient,
                                            ObjectProvider<List<HttpHeadersFilter>> headersFilters, HttpClientProperties properties) {
        return new NettyRoutingFilter(httpClient, headersFilters, properties);
    }
    // HttpHeaderFilter beans ...
    // GlobalFilter beans  ...
    // Predicate Factory beans ...
    // GatewayFilter Factory beans ...
    // GatewayActuatorConfiguration 会注册 Endpoint 用于查看、新增、更新、删除 RouteDefinition
}

GatewayResilience4JCircuitBreakerAutoConfiguration

@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
@ConditionalOnProperty(name = "spring.cloud.gateway.enabled", matchIfMissing = true)
@ConditionalOnClass({ DispatcherHandler.class, ReactiveResilience4JAutoConfiguration.class,
      ReactiveCircuitBreakerFactory.class, ReactiveResilience4JCircuitBreakerFactory.class })
public class GatewayResilience4JCircuitBreakerAutoConfiguration {

   /**
    * SpringCloudCircuitBreakerResilience4JFilterFactory 实现 GatewayFilterFactory 接口,
    * 其核心逻辑是使用 ReactiveCircuitBreaker 来执行业务逻辑,当 出现异常 或者 路由请求返回的状态码是期望值 就
    * 直接使用 DispatcherHandler 来执行 fallbackUrl可以理解成使用 fallbackUrl 重新执行一次请求。
    * 并且会往 ServerWebExchange 设置一个key记录异常对象。
    */
   @Bean
   @ConditionalOnBean(ReactiveResilience4JCircuitBreakerFactory.class)
   @ConditionalOnEnabledFilter
   public SpringCloudCircuitBreakerResilience4JFilterFactory springCloudCircuitBreakerResilience4JFilterFactory(
         ReactiveResilience4JCircuitBreakerFactory reactiveCircuitBreakerFactory,
         ObjectProvider<DispatcherHandler> dispatcherHandler) {
      return new SpringCloudCircuitBreakerResilience4JFilterFactory(reactiveCircuitBreakerFactory, dispatcherHandler);
   }

   /**
    * FallbackHeadersGatewayFilterFactory 实现 GatewayFilterFactory 接口,
    * 其核心逻辑:如果请求是 fallbackUrl 执行的通过异常key判断那就设置一些请求头
    */
   @Bean
   @ConditionalOnMissingBean
   @ConditionalOnEnabledFilter
   public FallbackHeadersGatewayFilterFactory fallbackHeadersGatewayFilterFactory() {
      return new FallbackHeadersGatewayFilterFactory();
   }

}

GatewayNoLoadBalancerClientAutoConfiguration

@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
@ConditionalOnMissingClass("org.springframework.cloud.loadbalancer.core.ReactorLoadBalancer")
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(ReactiveLoadBalancer.class)
@EnableConfigurationProperties(GatewayLoadBalancerProperties.class)
@AutoConfigureAfter(GatewayReactiveLoadBalancerClientAutoConfiguration.class)
public class GatewayNoLoadBalancerClientAutoConfiguration {

   /**
    * NoLoadBalancerClientFilter 实现 GlobalFilter 接口,也就是每个 Route 的请求都会执行。
    * 功能路由的Url 有 lb 前缀 就直接抛出异常,也就是说不支持 负载均衡的路由
    *
    * BeanFactory 中没有 ReactiveLoadBalancerClientFilter 才会生效。
    */
   @Bean
   @ConditionalOnMissingBean(ReactiveLoadBalancerClientFilter.class)
   public NoLoadBalancerClientFilter noLoadBalancerClientFilter(GatewayLoadBalancerProperties properties) {
      return new NoLoadBalancerClientFilter(properties.isUse404());
   }

   protected static class NoLoadBalancerClientFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {

      private final boolean use404;

      public NoLoadBalancerClientFilter(boolean use404) {
         this.use404 = use404;
      }

      @Override
      public int getOrder() {
         return LOAD_BALANCER_CLIENT_FILTER_ORDER;
      }

      @Override
      @SuppressWarnings("Duplicates")
      public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
         URI url = exchange.getAttribute(GATEWAY_REQUEST_URL_ATTR);
         String schemePrefix = exchange.getAttribute(GATEWAY_SCHEME_PREFIX_ATTR);
         // url 没有 lb 前缀 就放行
         if (url == null || (!"lb".equals(url.getScheme()) && !"lb".equals(schemePrefix))) {
            return chain.filter(exchange);
         }
         // 不能处理 lb:// 所以 直接报错
         throw NotFoundException.create(use404, "Unable to find instance for " + url.getHost());
      }

   }

}

GatewayMetricsAutoConfiguration

@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
@ConditionalOnProperty(name = GatewayProperties.PREFIX + ".enabled", matchIfMissing = true)
@EnableConfigurationProperties(GatewayMetricsProperties.class)
@ConditionalOnClass({ DispatcherHandler.class, MeterRegistry.class, MetricsAutoConfiguration.class })
public class GatewayMetricsAutoConfiguration {

   // 会从 ServerWebExchange 中得到 请求的Method、响应的状态码等
   @Bean
   public GatewayHttpTagsProvider gatewayHttpTagsProvider() {
      return new GatewayHttpTagsProvider();
   }

   // 会从 ServerWebExchange 中得到 匹配的路由地址
   @Bean
   @ConditionalOnProperty(name = GatewayProperties.PREFIX + ".metrics.tags.path.enabled")
   public GatewayPathTagsProvider gatewayPathTagsProvider() {
      return new GatewayPathTagsProvider();
   }

   // 会从 ServerWebExchange 中得到 routId、route uri
   @Bean
   public GatewayRouteTagsProvider gatewayRouteTagsProvider() {
      return new GatewayRouteTagsProvider();
   }

   // 将 GatewayMetricsProperties 的信息映射成 Tags
   @Bean
   public PropertiesTagsProvider propertiesTagsProvider(GatewayMetricsProperties properties) {
      return new PropertiesTagsProvider(properties.getTags());
   }

   /**
    * GatewayMetricsFilter 实现 GlobalFilter 接口,
    * 将 List<GatewayTagsProvider> 返回的信息记录到 MeterRegistry 中
    */
   @Bean
   @ConditionalOnBean(MeterRegistry.class)
   @ConditionalOnProperty(name = GatewayProperties.PREFIX + ".metrics.enabled", matchIfMissing = true)
   public GatewayMetricsFilter gatewayMetricFilter(MeterRegistry meterRegistry,
         List<GatewayTagsProvider> tagsProviders, GatewayMetricsProperties properties) {
      return new GatewayMetricsFilter(meterRegistry, tagsProviders, properties.getPrefix());
   }

   /**
    * RouteDefinitionMetrics 实现 ApplicationListener<RefreshRoutesEvent> 接口,
    * 收到事件的逻辑是 RouteDefinitionLocator.getRouteDefinitions().count() 记录到 MeterRegistry 中
    */
   @Bean
   @ConditionalOnBean(MeterRegistry.class)
   @ConditionalOnProperty(name = GatewayProperties.PREFIX + ".metrics.enabled", matchIfMissing = true)
   public RouteDefinitionMetrics routeDefinitionMetrics(MeterRegistry meterRegistry,
         RouteDefinitionLocator routeDefinitionLocator, GatewayMetricsProperties properties) {
      return new RouteDefinitionMetrics(meterRegistry, routeDefinitionLocator, properties.getPrefix());
   }

}

GatewayRedisAutoConfiguration

@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
@ConditionalOnBean(ReactiveRedisTemplate.class)
@ConditionalOnClass({ RedisTemplate.class, DispatcherHandler.class })
@ConditionalOnProperty(name = "spring.cloud.gateway.redis.enabled", matchIfMissing = true)
class GatewayRedisAutoConfiguration {

   /**
    * RedisRouteDefinitionRepository 实现 RouteDefinitionRepository 接口。
    * 使用 redis 作为缓存层,存储 RouteDefinition
    */
   @Bean
   @ConditionalOnProperty(value = "spring.cloud.gateway.redis-route-definition-repository.enabled",
         havingValue = "true")
   @ConditionalOnClass(ReactiveRedisTemplate.class)
   public RedisRouteDefinitionRepository redisRouteDefinitionRepository(
         ReactiveRedisTemplate<String, RouteDefinition> reactiveRedisTemplate) {
      return new RedisRouteDefinitionRepository(reactiveRedisTemplate);
   }

   // ...
}

GatewayDiscoveryClientAutoConfiguration

@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
@ConditionalOnProperty(name = "spring.cloud.gateway.enabled", matchIfMissing = true)
@ConditionalOnClass({ DispatcherHandler.class, CompositeDiscoveryClientAutoConfiguration.class })
@EnableConfigurationProperties
public class GatewayDiscoveryClientAutoConfiguration {

	/**
	 * 这是一个 PathRoutePredicateFactory根据 serviceId 进行路由
	 * @return
	 */
	public static List<PredicateDefinition> initPredicates() {
		ArrayList<PredicateDefinition> definitions = new ArrayList<>();
		// TODO: add a predicate that matches the url at /serviceId?

		// add a predicate that matches the url at /serviceId/**
		PredicateDefinition predicate = new PredicateDefinition();
		predicate.setName(normalizeRoutePredicateName(PathRoutePredicateFactory.class));
		predicate.addArg(PATTERN_KEY, "'/'+serviceId+'/**'");
		definitions.add(predicate);
		return definitions;
	}

	/**
	 * 这是一个 RewritePathGatewayFilterFactory移除 serviceId 路径前缀
	 * @return
	 */
	public static List<FilterDefinition> initFilters() {
		ArrayList<FilterDefinition> definitions = new ArrayList<>();

		// add a filter that removes /serviceId by default
		FilterDefinition filter = new FilterDefinition();
		filter.setName(normalizeFilterFactoryName(RewritePathGatewayFilterFactory.class));
		String regex = "'/' + serviceId + '/?(?<remaining>.*)'";
		String replacement = "'/${remaining}'";
		filter.addArg(REGEXP_KEY, regex);
		filter.addArg(REPLACEMENT_KEY, replacement);
		definitions.add(filter);

		return definitions;
	}

	/**
	 * DiscoveryLocatorProperties 类上标注了 @ConfigurationProperties("spring.cloud.gateway.discovery.locator")
	 * 也就是可以通过配置属性的方式设置属性值,下面的逻辑是设置默认值的意思。
	 * DiscoveryClientRouteDefinitionLocator 会使用这两个属性会作为生成 RouteDefinition 的 Predicate 和 Filter
	 * @return
	 */
	@Bean
	public DiscoveryLocatorProperties discoveryLocatorProperties() {
		DiscoveryLocatorProperties properties = new DiscoveryLocatorProperties();
		// 默认就设置 PathRoutePredicateFactory
		properties.setPredicates(initPredicates());
		// 默认就设置 RewritePathGatewayFilterFactory
		properties.setFilters(initFilters());
		return properties;
	}

	@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
	@ConditionalOnProperty(value = "spring.cloud.discovery.reactive.enabled", matchIfMissing = true)
	public static class ReactiveDiscoveryClientRouteDefinitionLocatorConfiguration {

		/**
		 * DiscoveryClientRouteDefinitionLocator 实现 RouteDefinitionLocator。
		 * 会根据 ReactiveDiscoveryClient.getServices() 返回的 Flux<ServiceInstance> 生成 Flux<RouteDefinition>
		 * 每个 RouteDefinition 是由 ServiceInstance + DiscoveryLocatorProperties 的内容 配置 路由Uri、Predicate、Filter
		 * 大部分属性值是通过解析 SPEL 表达式得到的,其中根对象是 ServiceInstance所以说 编写的 SPEL 表达式可以引用 ServiceInstance 中的属性
		 *
		 * @param discoveryClient
		 * @param properties
		 * @return
		 */
		@Bean
		@ConditionalOnProperty(name = "spring.cloud.gateway.discovery.locator.enabled")
		public DiscoveryClientRouteDefinitionLocator discoveryClientRouteDefinitionLocator(
				ReactiveDiscoveryClient discoveryClient, DiscoveryLocatorProperties properties) {
			return new DiscoveryClientRouteDefinitionLocator(discoveryClient, properties);
		}

	}

}

SimpleUrlHandlerMappingGlobalCorsAutoConfiguration

@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
@ConditionalOnClass(SimpleUrlHandlerMapping.class)
@ConditionalOnProperty(name = "spring.cloud.gateway.globalcors.add-to-simple-url-handler-mapping",
      matchIfMissing = false)
public class SimpleUrlHandlerMappingGlobalCorsAutoConfiguration {

   @Autowired
   private GlobalCorsProperties globalCorsProperties;

   @Autowired
   private SimpleUrlHandlerMapping simpleUrlHandlerMapping;

   /**
    * 为 SimpleUrlHandlerMapping 配置 跨域配置信息
    */
   @PostConstruct
   void config() {
      simpleUrlHandlerMapping.setCorsConfigurations(globalCorsProperties.getCorsConfigurations());
   }

}

GatewayReactiveLoadBalancerClientAutoConfiguration

@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
@ConditionalOnClass({ ReactiveLoadBalancer.class, LoadBalancerAutoConfiguration.class, DispatcherHandler.class })
@EnableConfigurationProperties(GatewayLoadBalancerProperties.class)
public class GatewayReactiveLoadBalancerClientAutoConfiguration {

   /**
    * ReactiveLoadBalancerClientFilter 实现 GlobalFilter 接口。
    * 作用url 没有 lb 协议 就放行,有 lb 就使用 LoadBalancerClientFactory 得到负载均衡后的 uri修改 ServerWebExchange 放行filter
    */
   @Bean
   @ConditionalOnBean(LoadBalancerClientFactory.class)
   @ConditionalOnMissingBean(ReactiveLoadBalancerClientFilter.class)
   @ConditionalOnEnabledGlobalFilter
   public ReactiveLoadBalancerClientFilter gatewayLoadBalancerClientFilter(LoadBalancerClientFactory clientFactory,
         GatewayLoadBalancerProperties properties) {
      return new ReactiveLoadBalancerClientFilter(clientFactory, properties);
   }

   /**
    * LoadBalancerServiceInstanceCookieFilter 实现 GlobalFilter 接口
    * 作用是负载均衡的路由就添加一个Cookie键值对
    */
   @Bean
   @ConditionalOnBean({ ReactiveLoadBalancerClientFilter.class, LoadBalancerClientFactory.class })
   @ConditionalOnMissingBean
   @ConditionalOnEnabledGlobalFilter
   public LoadBalancerServiceInstanceCookieFilter loadBalancerServiceInstanceCookieFilter(
         LoadBalancerClientFactory loadBalancerClientFactory) {
      return new LoadBalancerServiceInstanceCookieFilter(loadBalancerClientFactory);
   }

}

GatewayReactiveOAuth2AutoConfiguration

这是 Spring Security 的组件,没研究过,不知道具体的作用是啥,暂时不管了。

ProxyResponseAutoConfiguration

ProxyResponseAutoConfiguration 是 HandlerMethodArgumentResolver 接口的实现类,是用来解析方法参数的。它支持解析 ProxyExchange 类型的参数。ProxyExchange 可用来执行 Http 请求,感觉好鸡肋...

又因为 SpringWebFlux 和 SpringMVC 的执行流程是类似的,定义的类名也是一样的(包不同),所以就搞了两套。

HandlerMethodArgumentResolver 是 SpringMVC 、SpringWebFlux 的内容,不细说了。

核心源码

@ConditionalOnEnabledGlobalFilter、@ConditionalOnEnabledFilter、@ConditionalOnEnabledPredicate

类的定义

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)@Target({ ElementType.TYPE, ElementType.METHOD })
@Conditional(OnEnabledGlobalFilter.class)
public @interface ConditionalOnEnabledGlobalFilter {
	Class<? extends GlobalFilter> value() default OnEnabledGlobalFilter.DefaultValue.class;
}

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)@Target({ ElementType.TYPE, ElementType.METHOD })
@Conditional(OnEnabledFilter.class)
public @interface ConditionalOnEnabledFilter {
	Class<? extends GatewayFilterFactory<?>> value() default OnEnabledFilter.DefaultValue.class;
}

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)@Target({ ElementType.TYPE, ElementType.METHOD })
@Conditional(OnEnabledPredicate.class)
public @interface ConditionalOnEnabledPredicate {
	Class<? extends RoutePredicateFactory<?>> value() default OnEnabledPredicate.DefaultValue.class;
}

因为 @ConditionalOnEnabledGlobalFilter 上标注了 @Conditional所以在 ConfigurationClassPostProcessor 解析配置类时,会执行 OnEnabledGlobalFilter#matches(ConditionContext,AnnotatedTypeMetadata) 结果是true才会将 bean 注册到 BeanFactory 中

OnEnabledComponent

/**
 * {@link Condition#matches(ConditionContext, AnnotatedTypeMetadata)}
 * {@link SpringBootCondition#matches(ConditionContext, AnnotatedTypeMetadata)}
 *      {@link OnEnabledComponent#getMatchOutcome(ConditionContext, AnnotatedTypeMetadata)}
 *          1. 拿到类型。若注解的 value 不是默认值就返回value值,否则就拿到方法的返回值类型。
 *              Class<? extends T> candidate = getComponentType(annotationClass(), context, metadata);
 *          2. 确定匹配结果。前缀 + 类处理后的值 + 后缀 作为key从 Environment 获取值值是false则不匹配否则匹配
 *              determineOutcome(candidate, context.getEnvironment())
 *
 *      Tips: OnEnabledComponent 定义了三个抽象方法,由子类决定返回值是啥
 *             normalizeComponentName() 得到 类处理后的值
 *             annotationClass()   得到 注解
 *             defaultValueClass() 得到 默认值
 * */

可以通过这种方式让默认注入的失效。

spring.cloud.gateway.global-filter.XX.enabled=false
spring.cloud.gateway.filter.XX.enabled=false
spring.cloud.gateway.predicate.XX.enabled=false

NettyRoutingFilter

是非常重要的 GlobalFilter。Gateway 是通过它执行 http、https 协议的请求,依赖 HttpClient 执行请求。

public class NettyRoutingFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {

   @Override
   public int getOrder() {
      return Integer.MAX_VALUE; // 最大值,说明这是最后要执行的 GatewayFilter
   }

   @Override
   @SuppressWarnings("Duplicates")
   public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
      URI requestUrl = exchange.getRequiredAttribute(GATEWAY_REQUEST_URL_ATTR);

      String scheme = requestUrl.getScheme();
      // 已经路由 或者 不是 http、https 就放行
      if (isAlreadyRouted(exchange) || (!"http".equalsIgnoreCase(scheme) && !"https".equalsIgnoreCase(scheme))) {
         return chain.filter(exchange);
      }
      // 设置一个属性,标记 已经路由了
      setAlreadyRouted(exchange);

      /**
       * 遍历执行所有的 HttpHeadersFilter 得到 HttpHeaders。
       * 也就是说可以对最终要执行的 请求头 进行加工
       *
       * 注HttpHeadersFilter 是从BeanFactory中获取的所以我们可以自定义 HttpHeadersFilter 达到扩展的目的
       * */
      HttpHeaders filtered = filterRequest(getHeadersFilters(), exchange);

      // 根据 Route 的元数据构造 HttpClient 然后执行请求
      Flux<HttpClientResponse> responseFlux = getHttpClient(route, exchange)
            .headers()
            .responseConnection((res, connection) -> {});

      // 放行
      return responseFlux.then(chain.filter(exchange));
   }

}

WebsocketRoutingFilter

是非常重要的 GlobalFilter。Gateway 是通过它执行 ws、wss 协议的请求,依赖 WebSocketService 执行请求。

public class WebsocketRoutingFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {
   @Override
   public int getOrder() {
      // 在 NettyRoutingFilter 之前执行
      return Integer.MAX_VALUE - 1;
   }

   @Override
   public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
      // 有请求头 upgrade=WebSocket ,那就将 http、https 转成 ws、wss 协议
      changeSchemeIfIsWebSocketUpgrade(exchange);

      URI requestUrl = exchange.getRequiredAttribute(GATEWAY_REQUEST_URL_ATTR);
      String scheme = requestUrl.getScheme();

      // 已经路由过 或者 不是 ws、wss 协议 就放行
      if (isAlreadyRouted(exchange) || (!"ws".equals(scheme) && !"wss".equals(scheme))) {
         return chain.filter(exchange);
      }
      // 标记路由了
      setAlreadyRouted(exchange);

      HttpHeaders headers = exchange.getRequest().getHeaders();
      /**
       * 遍历执行所有的 HttpHeadersFilter 得到 HttpHeaders。
       * 也就是说可以对最终要执行的 请求头 进行加工
       *
       * 注HttpHeadersFilter 是从BeanFactory中获取的所以我们可以自定义 HttpHeadersFilter 达到扩展的目的
       * */
      HttpHeaders filtered = filterRequest(getHeadersFilters(), exchange);

      List<String> protocols = getProtocols(headers);

      // 使用 webSocketService 执行请求。且不在执行后续的filter
      return this.webSocketService.handleRequest(exchange,
            new ProxyWebSocketHandler(requestUrl, this.webSocketClient, filtered, protocols));
   }
}

RoutePredicateHandlerMapping

RoutePredicateHandlerMapping 是由 GatewayAutoConfiguration 注册的。

大致流程:由 RouteLocator 得到 Flux<Route> ,遍历执行 Route.getPredicate().apply(exchange) == true

就将 Route 存到 exchange 中然后返回 FilteringWebHandler,最后会由 HandlerAdapter 执行 FilteringWebHandler

public class RoutePredicateHandlerMapping extends AbstractHandlerMapping {
   /**
    * 通过依赖注入得到这些bean
    */
   public RoutePredicateHandlerMapping(FilteringWebHandler webHandler, RouteLocator routeLocator,
         GlobalCorsProperties globalCorsProperties, Environment environment) {
      this.webHandler = webHandler;
      this.routeLocator = routeLocator;
      /**
       * 获取属性作为 order 值默认是1。从而决定是 DispatcherHandler 使用的第几个 HandlerMapping
       * 因为 HandlerMapping 的特点是能处理就使用,不在使用其他的 HandlerMapping所以优先级是很重要的。
       * */
      setOrder(environment.getProperty(GatewayProperties.PREFIX + ".handler-mapping.order", Integer.class, 1));
      // 设置同源配置信息
      setCorsConfigurations(globalCorsProperties.getCorsConfigurations());
   }

   /**
    * 返回值不是 Mono.empty() 就表示 RoutePredicateHandlerMapping 命中了,
    * 就会执行 HandlerAdapter.handle(serverWebExchange,webHandler)
    */
   @Override
   protected Mono<?> getHandlerInternal(ServerWebExchange exchange) {
      // 设置一个属性
      exchange.getAttributes().put(GATEWAY_HANDLER_MAPPER_ATTR, getSimpleName());
      /**
       * 使用 routeLocator 得到 List<Route> 遍历
       * */
      return lookupRoute(exchange)
            .flatMap((Function<Route, Mono<?>>) r -> {
               exchange.getAttributes().remove(GATEWAY_PREDICATE_ROUTE_ATTR);
               /**
                * 将 Route 设置到 exchange 中
                *
                * 后续流程会用到
                *        {@link FilteringWebHandler#handle(ServerWebExchange)}
                * */
               exchange.getAttributes().put(GATEWAY_ROUTE_ATTR, r);
               /**
                * 会由 SimpleHandlerAdapter 处理
                * */
               return Mono.just(webHandler);
            }).switchIfEmpty(Mono.empty().then(Mono.fromRunnable(() -> {
               exchange.getAttributes().remove(GATEWAY_PREDICATE_ROUTE_ATTR);
            })));
   }

   protected Mono<Route> lookupRoute(ServerWebExchange exchange) {
      /**
       * 得到 Route根据 Route 的 Predicate 决定是否匹配
       * */
      return this.routeLocator.getRoutes()
            /**
             * concatMap 的特点是 返回的内容不是 Mono.empty() 、Flux.empty() 才收集到 Flux 中
             * */
            .concatMap(route -> Mono.just(route).filterWhen(r -> {
               // exchange 中存一下 routeId
               exchange.getAttributes().put(GATEWAY_PREDICATE_ROUTE_ATTR, r.getId());
               /**
                * 执行谓词
                * {@link AsyncPredicate.AndAsyncPredicate#apply(Object)}
                * */
               return r.getPredicate().apply(exchange);
            }).onErrorResume(e -> Mono.empty()))
            // 拿到第一个。所以 Route 的顺序会决定最终的方法的执行
            .next();
   }

}

RouteLocator

RouteLocator 是由 GatewayAutoConfiguration 注册的,因为标注了 @Primary所以 RoutePredicateHandlerMapping 通过依赖注入拿到的是 CachingRouteLocator。

CachingRouteLocator 是对 CompositeRouteLocator 的代理。功能:

  • 使用 ConcurrentHashMap 缓存结果。
  • 它实现 ApplicationListener<RefreshRoutesEvent> 接口,接收事件的处理逻辑是 更新缓存结果,然后发布 RefreshRoutesResultEvent 事件

CompositeRouteLocator 是用来聚合容器中所有的 RouteLocator 的,默认的 RouteLocator 是 RouteDefinitionRouteLocator

Tips若想通过编码的方式生成 RouteLocator 可以使用 RouteLocatorBuilder。

public class CachingRouteLocator
        implements Ordered, RouteLocator, ApplicationListener<RefreshRoutesEvent>, ApplicationEventPublisherAware {

    private final RouteLocator delegate;
    private final Map<String, List> cache = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();

    private ApplicationEventPublisher applicationEventPublisher;

    public CachingRouteLocator(RouteLocator delegate) {
	    // 是这个 CompositeRouteLocator
        this.delegate = delegate;
        // 使用 ConcurrentHashMap 缓存 Route缓存中没有就执行 fetch 方法得到
        routes = CacheFlux.lookup(cache, CACHE_KEY, Route.class).onCacheMissResume(this::fetch);
    }

    private Flux<Route> fetch() {
        // 通过 delegate 得到,然后再对 Route 进行排序
        return this.delegate.getRoutes().sort(AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.INSTANCE);
    }

    @Override
    public Flux<Route> getRoutes() {
        return this.routes;
    }

    public Flux<Route> refresh() {
        // 清空缓存
        this.cache.clear();
        return this.routes;
    }

    @Override
    public void onApplicationEvent(RefreshRoutesEvent event) {
        // 收到事件,就执行 fetch() 也就是会会重新解析得到 List<Route>
        fetch().collect(Collectors.toList()).subscribe(
                list -> Flux.fromIterable(list).materialize().collect(Collectors.toList()).subscribe(signals -> {
                    // 发布 RefreshRoutesResultEvent 事件
                    applicationEventPublisher.publishEvent(new RefreshRoutesResultEvent(this));
                    // 重新设置缓存内容
                    cache.put(CACHE_KEY, signals);
                }, this::handleRefreshError), this::handleRefreshError);
    }

}

RouteDefinitionRouteLocator

RouteDefinitionRouteLocator 是由 GatewayAutoConfiguration 注册的。它依赖 RouteDefinitionLocator 得到 Flux<RouteDefinition>。根据 RouteDefinition 记录的 PredicateDefinition 的 name 得到 RoutePredicateFactory<Config> 使用 ConfigurationService 用来 实例化、属性绑定、属性校验得到泛型 Config 的实例对象,最后 RoutePredicateFactory 根据 Config 生成 AsyncPredicate。

根据 RouteDefinition 记录的 FilterDefinition 的 name 得到 GatewayFilterFactory<Config> 使用 ConfigurationService 用来 实例化、属性绑定、属性校验得到泛型 Config 的实例对象,最后 GatewayFilterFactory 根据 Config 生成 GatewayFilter。

然后使用 AsyncPredicate、GatewayFilter 构造出 Route 实例

public class RouteDefinitionRouteLocator implements RouteLocator {
   /**
    * 通过依赖注入得到
    */
   public RouteDefinitionRouteLocator(RouteDefinitionLocator routeDefinitionLocator,
         List<RoutePredicateFactory> predicates, List<GatewayFilterFactory> gatewayFilterFactories,
         GatewayProperties gatewayProperties, ConfigurationService configurationService) {
      this.routeDefinitionLocator = routeDefinitionLocator;
      this.configurationService = configurationService;
      /**
       * 将 List 转成 Mapkey 是执行 {@link RoutePredicateFactory#name()} 得到的。
       * 默认的逻辑是 类名去除 RoutePredicateFactory
       * 比如 AddHeadRoutePredicateFactory 的key是 AddHead
       * */
      initFactories(predicates);
      /**
       * 逻辑同上 {@link GatewayFilterFactory#name()}
       * 默认的逻辑是 类名去除 GatewayFilterFactory
       * 比如 AddRequestHeaderGatewayFilterFactory 的key是 AddRequestHeader
       * */
      gatewayFilterFactories.forEach(factory -> this.gatewayFilterFactories.put(factory.name(), factory));
      this.gatewayProperties = gatewayProperties;
   }

   @Override
   public Flux<Route> getRoutes() {
      /**
       * 通过 RouteDefinitionLocator 得到 RouteDefinition ,然后根据 RouteDefinition 转成 Route
       * */
      Flux<Route> routes = this.routeDefinitionLocator.getRouteDefinitions().map(this::convertToRoute);
      return routes;
   }

   private Route convertToRoute(RouteDefinition routeDefinition) {
      /**
       * 会根据定义 predicates 的顺序,遍历处理。根据 predicate.getName() 找到 RoutePredicateFactory
       * 再使用 factory 生成 AsyncPredicate
       * */
      AsyncPredicate<ServerWebExchange> predicate = combinePredicates(routeDefinition);
      /**
       * 先处理通过属性定义的 默认Filterspring.cloud.gateway.defaultFilters再根据定义 filters 的顺序,遍历处理。根据 filter.getName() 找到 GatewayFilterFactory
       * 再使用 factory 生成 GatewayFilter
       *
       * 最后会根据 order 进行排序。
       * */
      List<GatewayFilter> gatewayFilters = getFilters(routeDefinition);

      // 构造出 Route
      return Route.async(routeDefinition).asyncPredicate(predicate).replaceFilters(gatewayFilters).build();
   }

   @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
   List<GatewayFilter> loadGatewayFilters(String id, List<FilterDefinition> filterDefinitions) {
      ArrayList<GatewayFilter> ordered = new ArrayList<>(filterDefinitions.size());
      for (int i = 0; i < filterDefinitions.size(); i++) {
         FilterDefinition definition = filterDefinitions.get(i);
         // 根据 definition.getName() 拿到 GatewayFilterFactory
         GatewayFilterFactory factory = this.gatewayFilterFactories.get(definition.getName());
         if (factory == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                  "Unable to find GatewayFilterFactory with name " + definition.getName());
         }

         /**
          * 使用 configurationService 生成 configuration
          *
          * 和这个是一样的的,看这里就知道了
          *        {@link RouteDefinitionRouteLocator#lookup(RouteDefinition, PredicateDefinition)}
          * */
         // @formatter:off
         Object configuration = this.configurationService.with(factory)
               .name(definition.getName())
               .properties(definition.getArgs())
               .eventFunction((bound, properties) -> new FilterArgsEvent(
                     // TODO: why explicit cast needed or java compile fails
                     RouteDefinitionRouteLocator.this, id, (Map<String, Object>) properties))
               .bind();
         // @formatter:on

         if (configuration instanceof HasRouteId) {
            HasRouteId hasRouteId = (HasRouteId) configuration;
            // 设置 routeId
            hasRouteId.setRouteId(id);
         }

         // factory 根据 configuration 生成 GatewayFilter
         GatewayFilter gatewayFilter = factory.apply(configuration);
         if (gatewayFilter instanceof Ordered) {
            ordered.add(gatewayFilter);
         }
         else {
            // 默认的 order 值 就是 定义 filter 的顺序
            ordered.add(new OrderedGatewayFilter(gatewayFilter, i + 1));
         }
      }

      return ordered;
   }

   private List<GatewayFilter> getFilters(RouteDefinition routeDefinition) {
      List<GatewayFilter> filters = new ArrayList<>();

      if (!this.gatewayProperties.getDefaultFilters().isEmpty()) {
         /**
          * 先添加通过属性定义的默认Filter
          * spring.cloud.gateway.defaultFilters=[f1,f2]
          * */
         filters.addAll(loadGatewayFilters(routeDefinition.getId(),
               new ArrayList<>(this.gatewayProperties.getDefaultFilters())));
      }

      final List<FilterDefinition> definitionFilters = routeDefinition.getFilters();
      if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(definitionFilters)) {
         // 再添加 RouteDefinition 定义的 filter
         filters.addAll(loadGatewayFilters(routeDefinition.getId(), definitionFilters));
      }

      // 排序
      AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(filters);
      return filters;
   }

   private AsyncPredicate<ServerWebExchange> combinePredicates(RouteDefinition routeDefinition) {
      List<PredicateDefinition> predicates = routeDefinition.getPredicates();
      // routeDefinition 没有定义 predicate ,就设置一个返回 ture 的 AsyncPredicate
      if (predicates == null || predicates.isEmpty()) {
         // this is a very rare case, but possible, just match all
         return AsyncPredicate.from(exchange -> true);
      }

      /**
       * 获取 AsyncPredicate。
       *
       * 会根据 predicate.getName() 拿到 RoutePredicateFactory执行 RoutePredicateFactory.apply(config) 生成 AsyncPredicate
       * */
      AsyncPredicate<ServerWebExchange> predicate = lookup(routeDefinition, predicates.get(0));
      // 遍历剩下的 predicate
      for (PredicateDefinition andPredicate : predicates.subList(1, predicates.size())) {
         AsyncPredicate<ServerWebExchange> found = lookup(routeDefinition, andPredicate);
         /**
          * and 的连接多个 predicate。返回的是这个类型 AndAsyncPredicate
          *
          * 其实就是不断的套娃。
          * */
         predicate = predicate.and(found);
      }

      return predicate;
   }

   @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
   private AsyncPredicate<ServerWebExchange> lookup(RouteDefinition route, PredicateDefinition predicate) {
      /**
       * predicates 是根据 BeanFactory 中 RoutePredicateFactory 类型的 bean 生成的。
       * 所以可以理解成是从 BeanFactory 中得到 RoutePredicateFactory。
       * */
      RoutePredicateFactory<Object> factory = this.predicates.get(predicate.getName());
      if (factory == null) {
         throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unable to find RoutePredicateFactory with name " + predicate.getName());
      }
      if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
         logger.debug("RouteDefinition " + route.getId() + " applying " + predicate.getArgs() + " to "
               + predicate.getName());
      }

      /**
       * factory 实现 ShortcutConfigurable 接口,规定如何生成的 属性绑定的Map
       * factory 实现 Configurable 接口,规定使用 config 是啥
       *
       * configurationService 会依赖 factory 生成 属性绑定的Map 得到 Config 的类型
       * 然后使用 属性绑定的Map + ConversionsService + Validator 实例化 Config ,并且会对 Config 进行属性绑定和属性校验JSR303
       * */
      // @formatter:off
      Object config = this.configurationService.with(factory)
            .name(predicate.getName())
            // 设置属性。会根据这个生成用于属性绑定的Map
            .properties(predicate.getArgs())
            // 定义事件。对 config 完成属性绑定完后,会发布这个事件
            .eventFunction((bound, properties) -> new PredicateArgsEvent(
                  RouteDefinitionRouteLocator.this, route.getId(), properties))
            .bind();
      // @formatter:on

      // 根据 config 使用 factory 生成 AsyncPredicate
      return factory.applyAsync(config);
   }

}

RouteDefinitionLocator

RouteDefinitionLocator 是由 GatewayAutoConfiguration 注册的,因为标注了 @Primary所以 RouteDefinitionRouteLocator 通过依赖注入拿到的是 CompositeRouteDefinitionLocator。

CompositeRouteDefinitionLocator 的作用是聚合容器中所有的 RouteDefinitionLocator。默认是注册了 PropertiesRouteDefinitionLocatorInMemoryRouteDefinitionRepository

PropertiesRouteDefinitionLocator

PropertiesRouteDefinitionLocator 是由 GatewayAutoConfiguration 注册的。

public class PropertiesRouteDefinitionLocator implements RouteDefinitionLocator {
   public PropertiesRouteDefinitionLocator(GatewayProperties properties) {
      /**
       * 依赖注入得到的
       *
       * GatewayProperties 标注了 @ConfigurationProperties("spring.cloud.gateway")
       * 所以会通过属性绑定设置值
       * */
      this.properties = properties;
   }

   @Override
   public Flux<RouteDefinition> getRouteDefinitions() {
      // 直接返回 properties.getRoutes()
      return Flux.fromIterable(this.properties.getRoutes());
   }
}

看 PredicateDefinition、FilterDefinition 的构造器,就能明白属性文件为啥可以写 Weight=group1,8

image-20230428141218057

InMemoryRouteDefinitionRepository

InMemoryRouteDefinitionRepository 是由 GatewayAutoConfiguration 注册的。它主要是实现了 RouteDefinitionRepository 接口,而 RouteDefinitionRepository 继承 RouteDefinitionLocatorRouteDefinitionWriter 接口。

RouteDefinitionRepository 的职责是通过缓存的方式记录 RouteDefinition而不是通过属性 映射成 RouteDefinition。而 AbstractGatewayControllerEndpoint 会依赖 RouteDefinitionWriter 的实例,用来缓存通过接口方式注册的 RouteDefinition。

RouteDefinitionRepository

public class InMemoryRouteDefinitionRepository implements RouteDefinitionRepository {
   // 线程安全的
   private final Map<String, RouteDefinition> routes = synchronizedMap(new LinkedHashMap<String, RouteDefinition>());

   @Override
   public Mono<Void> save(Mono<RouteDefinition> route) {
      /**
       * Gateway Endpoint 会依赖 RouteDefinitionRepository 类型的bean 记录通过 Endpoint 动态添加的 RouteDefinition
       *
       * 源码在这里
       *        {@link AbstractGatewayControllerEndpoint#save(String, RouteDefinition)}
       * */
      return route.flatMap(r -> {
         if (ObjectUtils.isEmpty(r.getId())) {
            return Mono.error(new IllegalArgumentException("id may not be empty"));
         }
         // 存到缓存中
         routes.put(r.getId(), r);
         return Mono.empty();
      });
   }

   @Override
   public Mono<Void> delete(Mono<String> routeId) {
      return routeId.flatMap(id -> {
         if (routes.containsKey(id)) {
            // 从缓存中移除
            routes.remove(id);
            return Mono.empty();
         }
         return Mono.defer(() -> Mono.error(new NotFoundException("RouteDefinition not found: " + routeId)));
      });
   }

   @Override
   public Flux<RouteDefinition> getRouteDefinitions() {
      // 返回缓存中的值
      Map<String, RouteDefinition> routesSafeCopy = new LinkedHashMap<>(routes);
      return Flux.fromIterable(routesSafeCopy.values());
   }

}

AbstractGatewayControllerEndpoint

GatewayControllerEndpoint 和 GatewayLegacyControllerEndpoint 是由 GatewayAutoConfiguration 注册的,默认是注册 GatewayControllerEndpoint ,可以设置属性spring.cloud.gateway.actuator.verbose.enabled=false 变成让 GatewayLegacyControllerEndpoint 生效。

主要是提供这些功能:查看 RouteDefinitions、Routes、GlobalFilters、routefilters、routepredicates、更新或者新增 RouteDefinition、刷新 RouteDefinition。

更新或新增 RouteDefinition 是依赖 RouteDefinitionRepository 进行缓存。

刷新 RouteDefinition 是会发布 RefreshRoutesEvent 事件,该事件会有 CachingRouteLocator 处理

AbstractGatewayControllerEndpoint

RouteRefreshListener

RouteRefreshListener 是由 GatewayAutoConfiguration 注册的

public class RouteRefreshListener implements ApplicationListener<ApplicationEvent> {

   @Override
   public void onApplicationEvent(ApplicationEvent event) {
      // 这是 IOC 容器 refresh 的最后阶段会发布的事件
      if (event instanceof ContextRefreshedEvent) {
         ContextRefreshedEvent refreshedEvent = (ContextRefreshedEvent) event;
         // 不是
         if (!WebServerApplicationContext.hasServerNamespace(refreshedEvent.getApplicationContext(), "management")) {
            /**
             * 重设
             *
             * 其实就是发布一个 RefreshRoutesEvent 事件,
             * 该事件会由 CachingRouteLocator 接收,会对 List<Route> 进行缓存
             *        {@link CachingRouteLocator#onApplicationEvent(RefreshRoutesEvent)}
             * */
            reset();
         }
      }
      else if (event instanceof RefreshScopeRefreshedEvent || event instanceof InstanceRegisteredEvent) {
         reset();
      }
      else if (event instanceof ParentHeartbeatEvent) {
         ParentHeartbeatEvent e = (ParentHeartbeatEvent) event;
         resetIfNeeded(e.getValue());
      }
      else if (event instanceof HeartbeatEvent) {
         HeartbeatEvent e = (HeartbeatEvent) event;
         resetIfNeeded(e.getValue());
      }
   }

   private void resetIfNeeded(Object value) {
      if (this.monitor.update(value)) {
         reset();
      }
   }

   private void reset() {
      this.publisher.publishEvent(new RefreshRoutesEvent(this));
   }

}

FilteringWebHandler

FilteringWebHandler 是由 GatewayAutoConfiguration 注册的。

拿到容器中的 List<GlobaFilter> + Route.getFilters() 对 Filter 进行排序,紧接着按顺序执行所有的 GatewayFilter。这么说是不准确的只有每个 filter 都执行chain.fiter 才会执行所有的 GatewayFilter这其实就是责任链模式。

优先级最高(最后执行) 的 Filter 是 NettyRoutingFilter ,它是用来执行 http、https 请求的,也就是完成路由的职责。

public class FilteringWebHandler implements WebHandler {
   public FilteringWebHandler(List<GlobalFilter> globalFilters) {
      // 这是依赖注入得到的
      this.globalFilters = loadFilters(globalFilters);
   }

   private static List<GatewayFilter> loadFilters(List<GlobalFilter> filters) {
      return filters.stream().map(filter -> {
         // 装饰成 GatewayFilter 类型
         GatewayFilterAdapter gatewayFilter = new GatewayFilterAdapter(filter);
         if (filter instanceof Ordered) {
            int order = ((Ordered) filter).getOrder();
            return new OrderedGatewayFilter(gatewayFilter, order);
         }
         return gatewayFilter;
      }).collect(Collectors.toList());
   }
   @Override
   public Mono<Void> handle(ServerWebExchange exchange) {
      /**
       * 拿到 Route 实例。这个是在前一个步骤设置的
       *        {@link RoutePredicateHandlerMapping#getHandlerInternal(ServerWebExchange)}
       * */
      Route route = exchange.getRequiredAttribute(GATEWAY_ROUTE_ATTR);
      // 拿到 Route 的 GatewayFilter
      List<GatewayFilter> gatewayFilters = route.getFilters();

      // 先添加 globalFilter
      List<GatewayFilter> combined = new ArrayList<>(this.globalFilters);
      // 再添加 route 定义的 Filter
      combined.addAll(gatewayFilters);

      // 排序
      AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(combined);

      /**
       * 装饰成 DefaultGatewayFilterChain 执行。
       *
       * 其实就是遍历执行所有的 GatewayFilter
       * */
      return new DefaultGatewayFilterChain(combined).filter(exchange);
   }

   private static class DefaultGatewayFilterChain implements GatewayFilterChain {
      @Override
      public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange) {
         return Mono.defer(() -> {
            if (this.index < filters.size()) {
               GatewayFilter filter = filters.get(this.index);
               // 套娃行为
               DefaultGatewayFilterChain chain = new DefaultGatewayFilterChain(this, this.index + 1);
               // 执行
               return filter.filter(exchange, chain);
            }
            else {
               return Mono.empty(); // complete
            }
         });
      }

   }
}