Update 回归分析

pull/2/head
benjas 5 years ago
parent 90d0ea1c3b
commit 9de4d8db92

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@ -828,3 +828,65 @@ Sigmoid没有负数都是大于0的当梯度更新的时候要么全为
- 同分布:他俩都是来同一银行,即我们假定的银行
- 高斯分布:银行可能会多给,也可能会少给,但是绝大多数情况下浮动不会太大,极小情况下浮动大,符合正常情况
#### 最小二乘法推导与求解
- 预测值与误差![1604821754843](assets/1604821754843.png)
- 由于误差服从高斯分布![1604821811796](assets/1604821811796.png)
- 将1式代入2![1604821879046](assets/1604821879046.png)
> 什么样的θ和x相乘后得到最相近或者相同的y
- 似然函数:![1604821982496](assets/1604821982496.png)
解释:什么样的参数和我们的数据组合后恰好是真实值
- 对数似然:![1604822042028](assets/1604822042028.png)
解释:乘法难解,加法就容易了,对数里乘法可以转换成加法
- 展开化简:![1604822227025](assets/1604822227025.png)
![1604822258878](assets/1604822258878.png)
- 目标:让似然函数越大越好
![1604822356847](assets/1604822356847.png)
最小二乘法
**参数的最小二乘法估计**
对于回归直线关键在于求解参数常用高斯提出的最小二乘法它使因变量的观察值y与估计值之间的离差平方和达到最小来求解。
![1604822532101](assets/1604822532101.png)
![1604822559643](assets/1604822559643.png)
展开得:
![1604822595998](assets/1604822595998.png)
求偏导可得:
![1604822649659](assets/1604822649659.png)
求解:
![1604822675575](assets/1604822675575.png)
实例70年代世界制造业总产量与世界制成品总出口量的变化关系如表
| 年度 | 总产量年增长率(%) x | 总出口量年增长率(%) y |
| ---- | ------------------- | --------------------- |
| 1970 | 4.0 | 8.5 |
| 1971 | 4.0 | 8.0 |
| 1972 | 8.5 | 10.5 |
| 1973 | 9.5 | 15.5 |
| 1974 | 3.0 | 8.5 |
| 1975 | -1.0 | -4.5 |
| 1976 | 8.0 | 13.5 |
| 1977 | | |
| | | |

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