commit 71c26ba80643433f15a0b237b9ea2d98411d971c Author: chenzexi <“user@email”> Date: Tue Oct 17 10:01:53 2023 +0800 first commit diff --git a/centos7-安装MySQL.md b/centos7-安装MySQL.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2b3aecb --- /dev/null +++ b/centos7-安装MySQL.md @@ -0,0 +1,166 @@ +# CentOS7-安装MySQL + +CentOS7的安装,采用的是yum的方式安装。 + +yum方式安装,就类似在Windows下不停的下一步,下一步。 + +根据官方的文档去安装MySQL。 + +## 一、MySQL5.7 + +直接跳转到这个路径,这个路径后期MySQL可能会变,最好是根据咱们的视频去官网找到指定路径 + +https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/ + +### 1.1 安装wget + +直接执行yum的方式安装 + +```powershell +yum -y install wget +``` + +![image.png](https://fynotefile.oss-cn-zhangjiakou.aliyuncs.com/fynote/fyfile/2746/1693316507091/9818d9810c04416488c326a8ecf7e08a.png) + +### 1.2 下载&安装MySQL的rpm源 + +直接执行下述命令,下载rpm源,同理最好是去官网找,因为下载路径可能会变 + +```powershell +wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm +``` + +![image.png](https://fynotefile.oss-cn-zhangjiakou.aliyuncs.com/fynote/fyfile/2746/1693316507091/8f0c33a8f4854e5b9814fb58617606f7.png) + +安装rpm源 + +```powershell +rpm -Uvh mysql80-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm +``` + +![image.png](https://fynotefile.oss-cn-zhangjiakou.aliyuncs.com/fynote/fyfile/2746/1693316507091/a9e8477acc99413586015f441e99edc5.png) + +查看yum源中,关于MySQL的内容 + +```powershell +yum repolist all | grep mysql +``` + +发现默认安装的版本是8.0,需改修改为5.7 + +![image.png](https://fynotefile.oss-cn-zhangjiakou.aliyuncs.com/fynote/fyfile/2746/1693316507091/4dd3bc53f49d4f9d9c1065d79a23df0f.png) + +### 1.3 修改MySQL安装版本 + +按照官方的形式,修改 `/etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo`文件 + +![image.png](https://fynotefile.oss-cn-zhangjiakou.aliyuncs.com/fynote/fyfile/2746/1693316507091/5129754693024c5e8db36e40f5a37a38.png) + +需要将5.7的enabled设置为1,将8.0的enabled设置为0 + +![image.png](https://fynotefile.oss-cn-zhangjiakou.aliyuncs.com/fynote/fyfile/2746/1693316507091/743cc8198b3c4fd9992211ad55548ab1.png) + +保存并退出之后,再次执行yum命令,查看当前安装的版本 + +```powershell +yum repolist all | grep mysql +``` + +![image.png](https://fynotefile.oss-cn-zhangjiakou.aliyuncs.com/fynote/fyfile/2746/1693316507091/61c3736a263144b4be8806a35bbc2a91.png) + +### 1.4 下载并启动MySQL + +直接安装MySQL社区版服务即可,执行下述指令 + +```powershell +yum -y install mysql-community-server +``` + +![image.png](https://fynotefile.oss-cn-zhangjiakou.aliyuncs.com/fynote/fyfile/2746/1693316507091/4c4441fc554144dd9540967b783242b4.png) + +当上述安装完毕之后,默认MySQL服务是关闭,需要启动MySQL服务 + +```powershell +# 启动MySQL服务 +systemctl start mysqld +# 开机自动启动MySQL +systemctl enable mysqld +``` + +登录MySQL服务前,需要找到yum方式安装后,生成的随机密码 + +```powershell +grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log +``` + +找到密码后,直接登录 + +```powershell +mysql -u root -p +回车后,输入密码 +``` + +![image.png](https://fynotefile.oss-cn-zhangjiakou.aliyuncs.com/fynote/fyfile/2746/1693316507091/c138ade38efd481385fc7370ef1a33a3.png) + +登录之后,第一件事情,一定是修改密码 + +直接下述命令,密码有强度校验,至少8位,需要有小写字母,大写字母,数字和特殊符号 + +```powershell +ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Zxcvb1.0'; +``` + +![image.png](https://fynotefile.oss-cn-zhangjiakou.aliyuncs.com/fynote/fyfile/2746/1693316507091/1b3f9b9cc7d74cc7a5f185c2aac31f8e.png) + +### 1.5 开启MySQL远程连接用户 + +直接基于grant命令,构建一个远程连接用户 + +```powershell +# 构建一个远程连接用户 +GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'zjw'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Zxcvb1.0' WITH GRANT OPTION; +# 刷新权限 +FLUSH PRIVILEGES; +``` + +![image.png](https://fynotefile.oss-cn-zhangjiakou.aliyuncs.com/fynote/fyfile/2746/1693316507091/d175a1c45cad4c76ada1b8007ef613ba.png) + +想使用其他服务的工具连接MySQL,需要让CentOS关闭防火墙,或者单独开放3306端口。 + +如果你用的是云服务器,需要在云服务器的控制台里开放安全组,释放3306 + +我这里就直接关闭防火墙,禁止防火墙开机自启 + +```powershell +# 关闭 +systemctl stop firewalld +# 禁止开机自启 +systemctl disable firewalld +``` + +![image.png](https://fynotefile.oss-cn-zhangjiakou.aliyuncs.com/fynote/fyfile/2746/1693316507091/6988fe4df88547ec89d77ac6c46e6136.png) + +![image.png](https://fynotefile.oss-cn-zhangjiakou.aliyuncs.com/fynote/fyfile/2746/1693316507091/22eeb968fd9841ddab876a536ed08552.png) + +需要注意一个点,有的同学,构建了远程连接用户,也关闭了防火墙,但是Navicat始终连接不上CentOS里的MySQL。如果有这个情况,你就先start防火墙,再关闭防火墙。 + +```powershell +systemctl start firewalld +systemctl stop firewalld +``` + +## 二、MySQL8.0 + +安装MySQL8.0和前面操作基本一模一样。 + +需要注意点的: + +1. 跳过将MySQL8.0安装修改为5.7的过程。 +2. 再远程连接时,发现无法连接,需要以这种方式修改密码更换命令,需要指定一下加密方式 + +```powershell +# 8.0修改密码 +ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'Zxcvb1.0'; +# 刷新一下 +FLUSH PRIVILEGES; +```