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package class22;
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import java.util.HashSet;
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import java.util.Stack;
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public class Code04_VisibleMountains {
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// 栈中放的记录,
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// value就是指,times是收集的个数
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public static class Record {
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public int value;
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public int times;
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public Record(int value) {
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this.value = value;
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this.times = 1;
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}
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}
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public static int getVisibleNum(int[] arr) {
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if (arr == null || arr.length < 2) {
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return 0;
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}
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int N = arr.length;
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int maxIndex = 0;
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// 先在环中找到其中一个最大值的位置,哪一个都行
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for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
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maxIndex = arr[maxIndex] < arr[i] ? i : maxIndex;
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}
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Stack<Record> stack = new Stack<Record>();
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// 先把(最大值,1)这个记录放入stack中
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stack.push(new Record(arr[maxIndex]));
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// 从最大值位置的下一个位置开始沿next方向遍历
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int index = nextIndex(maxIndex, N);
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// 用“小找大”的方式统计所有可见山峰对
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int res = 0;
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// 遍历阶段开始,当index再次回到maxIndex的时候,说明转了一圈,遍历阶段就结束
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while (index != maxIndex) {
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// 当前数要进入栈,判断会不会破坏第一维的数字从顶到底依次变大
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// 如果破坏了,就依次弹出栈顶记录,并计算山峰对数量
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while (stack.peek().value < arr[index]) {
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int k = stack.pop().times;
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// 弹出记录为(X,K),如果K==1,产生2对; 如果K>1,产生2*K + C(2,K)对。
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res += getInternalSum(k) + 2 * k;
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}
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// 当前数字arr[index]要进入栈了,如果和当前栈顶数字一样就合并
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// 不一样就把记录(arr[index],1)放入栈中
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if (stack.peek().value == arr[index]) {
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stack.peek().times++;
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} else { // >
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stack.push(new Record(arr[index]));
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}
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index = nextIndex(index, N);
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}
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// 清算阶段开始了
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// 清算阶段的第1小阶段
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while (stack.size() > 2) {
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int times = stack.pop().times;
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res += getInternalSum(times) + 2 * times;
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}
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// 清算阶段的第2小阶段
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if (stack.size() == 2) {
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int times = stack.pop().times;
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res += getInternalSum(times)
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+ (stack.peek().times == 1 ? times : 2 * times);
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}
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// 清算阶段的第3小阶段
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res += getInternalSum(stack.pop().times);
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return res;
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}
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// 如果k==1返回0,如果k>1返回C(2,k)
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public static int getInternalSum(int k) {
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return k == 1 ? 0 : (k * (k - 1) / 2);
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}
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// 环形数组中当前位置为i,数组长度为size,返回i的下一个位置
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public static int nextIndex(int i, int size) {
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return i < (size - 1) ? (i + 1) : 0;
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}
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// 环形数组中当前位置为i,数组长度为size,返回i的上一个位置
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public static int lastIndex(int i, int size) {
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return i > 0 ? (i - 1) : (size - 1);
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}
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// for test, O(N^2)的解法,绝对正确
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public static int rightWay(int[] arr) {
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if (arr == null || arr.length < 2) {
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return 0;
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}
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int res = 0;
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HashSet<String> equalCounted = new HashSet<>();
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for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
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// 枚举从每一个位置出发,根据“小找大”原则能找到多少对儿,并且保证不重复找
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res += getVisibleNumFromIndex(arr, i, equalCounted);
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}
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return res;
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}
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// for test
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// 根据“小找大”的原则返回从index出发能找到多少对
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// 相等情况下,比如arr[1]==3,arr[5]==3
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// 之前如果从位置1找过位置5,那么等到从位置5出发时就不再找位置1(去重)
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// 之前找过的、所有相等情况的山峰对,都保存在了equalCounted中
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public static int getVisibleNumFromIndex(int[] arr, int index,
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HashSet<String> equalCounted) {
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int res = 0;
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for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
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if (i != index) { // 不找自己
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if (arr[i] == arr[index]) {
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String key = Math.min(index, i) + "_" + Math.max(index, i);
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// 相等情况下,确保之前没找过这一对
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if (equalCounted.add(key) && isVisible(arr, index, i)) {
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res++;
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}
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} else if (isVisible(arr, index, i)) { // 不相等的情况下直接找
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res++;
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}
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}
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}
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return res;
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}
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// for test
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// 调用该函数的前提是,lowIndex和highIndex一定不是同一个位置
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// 在“小找大”的策略下,从lowIndex位置能不能看到highIndex位置
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// next方向或者last方向有一个能走通,就返回true,否则返回false
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public static boolean isVisible(int[] arr, int lowIndex, int highIndex) {
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if (arr[lowIndex] > arr[highIndex]) { // “大找小”的情况直接返回false
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return false;
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}
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int size = arr.length;
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boolean walkNext = true;
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int mid = nextIndex(lowIndex, size);
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// lowIndex通过next方向走到highIndex,沿途不能出现比arr[lowIndex]大的数
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while (mid != highIndex) {
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if (arr[mid] > arr[lowIndex]) {
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walkNext = false;// next方向失败
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break;
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}
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mid = nextIndex(mid, size);
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}
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boolean walkLast = true;
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mid = lastIndex(lowIndex, size);
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// lowIndex通过last方向走到highIndex,沿途不能出现比arr[lowIndex]大的数
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while (mid != highIndex) {
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if (arr[mid] > arr[lowIndex]) {
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walkLast = false; // last方向失败
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break;
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}
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mid = lastIndex(mid, size);
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}
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return walkNext || walkLast; // 有一个成功就是能相互看见
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}
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// for test
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public static int[] getRandomArray(int size, int max) {
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int[] arr = new int[(int) (Math.random() * size)];
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for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
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arr[i] = (int) (Math.random() * max);
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}
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return arr;
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}
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// for test
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public static void printArray(int[] arr) {
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if (arr == null || arr.length == 0) {
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return;
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}
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for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
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System.out.print(arr[i] + " ");
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}
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System.out.println();
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}
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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int size = 10;
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int max = 10;
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int testTimes = 3000000;
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System.out.println("test begin!");
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for (int i = 0; i < testTimes; i++) {
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int[] arr = getRandomArray(size, max);
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if (rightWay(arr) != getVisibleNum(arr)) {
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printArray(arr);
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System.out.println(rightWay(arr));
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System.out.println(getVisibleNum(arr));
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break;
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}
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}
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System.out.println("test end!");
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}
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}
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