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@ -1,30 +1,265 @@
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mysql
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===
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# **mysql**
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MySQL服务器客户端工具
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## 用法
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## 补充说明
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```sh
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Usage: mysql [OPTIONS] [database]
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-?, --help Display this help and exit.
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-I, --help Synonym for -?
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--auto-rehash Enable automatic rehashing. One doesn't need to use
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'rehash' to get table and field completion, but startup
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and reconnecting may take a longer time. Disable with
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--disable-auto-rehash.
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(Defaults to on; use --skip-auto-rehash to disable.)
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-A, --no-auto-rehash
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No automatic rehashing. One has to use 'rehash' to get
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table and field completion. This gives a quicker start of
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mysql and disables rehashing on reconnect.
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--auto-vertical-output
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Automatically switch to vertical output mode if the
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result is wider than the terminal width.
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-B, --batch Don't use history file. Disable interactive behavior.
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(Enables --silent.)
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--bind-address=name IP address to bind to.
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--binary-as-hex Print binary data as hex
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--character-sets-dir=name
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Directory for character set files.
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--column-type-info Display column type information.
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-c, --comments Preserve comments. Send comments to the server. The
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default is --skip-comments (discard comments), enable
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with --comments.
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-C, --compress Use compression in server/client protocol.
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-#, --debug[=#] This is a non-debug version. Catch this and exit.
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--debug-check This is a non-debug version. Catch this and exit.
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-T, --debug-info This is a non-debug version. Catch this and exit.
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-D, --database=name Database to use.
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--default-character-set=name
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Set the default character set.
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--delimiter=name Delimiter to be used.
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--enable-cleartext-plugin
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Enable/disable the clear text authentication plugin.
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-e, --execute=name Execute command and quit. (Disables --force and history
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file.)
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-E, --vertical Print the output of a query (rows) vertically.
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-f, --force Continue even if we get an SQL error.
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--histignore=name A colon-separated list of patterns to keep statements
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from getting logged into syslog and mysql history.
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-G, --named-commands
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Enable named commands. Named commands mean this program's
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internal commands; see mysql> help . When enabled, the
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named commands can be used from any line of the query,
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otherwise only from the first line, before an enter.
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Disable with --disable-named-commands. This option is
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disabled by default.
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-i, --ignore-spaces Ignore space after function names.
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--init-command=name SQL Command to execute when connecting to MySQL server.
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Will automatically be re-executed when reconnecting.
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--local-infile Enable/disable LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE.
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-b, --no-beep Turn off beep on error.
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-h, --host=name Connect to host.
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-H, --html Produce HTML output.
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-X, --xml Produce XML output.
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--line-numbers Write line numbers for errors.
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(Defaults to on; use --skip-line-numbers to disable.)
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-L, --skip-line-numbers
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Don't write line number for errors.
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-n, --unbuffered Flush buffer after each query.
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--column-names Write column names in results.
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(Defaults to on; use --skip-column-names to disable.)
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-N, --skip-column-names
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Don't write column names in results.
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--sigint-ignore Ignore SIGINT (CTRL-C).
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-o, --one-database Ignore statements except those that occur while the
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default database is the one named at the command line.
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--pager[=name] Pager to use to display results. If you don't supply an
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option, the default pager is taken from your ENV variable
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PAGER. Valid pagers are less, more, cat [> filename],
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etc. See interactive help (\h) also. This option does not
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work in batch mode. Disable with --disable-pager. This
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option is disabled by default.
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-p, --password[=name]
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Password to use when connecting to server. If password is
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not given it's asked from the tty.
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-P, --port=# Port number to use for connection or 0 for default to, in
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order of preference, my.cnf, $MYSQL_TCP_PORT,
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/etc/services, built-in default (3306).
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--prompt=name Set the mysql prompt to this value.
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--protocol=name The protocol to use for connection (tcp, socket, pipe,
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memory).
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-q, --quick Don't cache result, print it row by row. This may slow
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down the server if the output is suspended. Doesn't use
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history file.
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-r, --raw Write fields without conversion. Used with --batch.
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--reconnect Reconnect if the connection is lost. Disable with
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--disable-reconnect. This option is enabled by default.
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(Defaults to on; use --skip-reconnect to disable.)
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-s, --silent Be more silent. Print results with a tab as separator,
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each row on new line.
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-S, --socket=name The socket file to use for connection.
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--ssl-mode=name SSL connection mode.
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--ssl Deprecated. Use --ssl-mode instead.
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(Defaults to on; use --skip-ssl to disable.)
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--ssl-verify-server-cert
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Deprecated. Use --ssl-mode=VERIFY_IDENTITY instead.
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--ssl-ca=name CA file in PEM format.
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--ssl-capath=name CA directory.
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--ssl-cert=name X509 cert in PEM format.
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--ssl-cipher=name SSL cipher to use.
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--ssl-key=name X509 key in PEM format.
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--ssl-crl=name Certificate revocation list.
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--ssl-crlpath=name Certificate revocation list path.
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--tls-version=name TLS version to use, permitted values are: TLSv1, TLSv1.1
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-t, --table Output in table format.
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--tee=name Append everything into outfile. See interactive help (\h)
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also. Does not work in batch mode. Disable with
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--disable-tee. This option is disabled by default.
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-u, --user=name User for login if not current user.
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-U, --safe-updates Only allow UPDATE and DELETE that uses keys.
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-U, --i-am-a-dummy Synonym for option --safe-updates, -U.
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-v, --verbose Write more. (-v -v -v gives the table output format).
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-V, --version Output version information and exit.
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-w, --wait Wait and retry if connection is down.
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--connect-timeout=# Number of seconds before connection timeout.
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--max-allowed-packet=#
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The maximum packet length to send to or receive from
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server.
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--net-buffer-length=#
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The buffer size for TCP/IP and socket communication.
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--select-limit=# Automatic limit for SELECT when using --safe-updates.
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--max-join-size=# Automatic limit for rows in a join when using
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--safe-updates.
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--secure-auth Refuse client connecting to server if it uses old
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(pre-4.1.1) protocol. Deprecated. Always TRUE
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--server-arg=name Send embedded server this as a parameter.
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--show-warnings Show warnings after every statement.
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-j, --syslog Log filtered interactive commands to syslog. Filtering of
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commands depends on the patterns supplied via histignore
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option besides the default patterns.
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--plugin-dir=name Directory for client-side plugins.
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--default-auth=name Default authentication client-side plugin to use.
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--binary-mode By default, ASCII '\0' is disallowed and '\r\n' is
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translated to '\n'. This switch turns off both features,
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and also turns off parsing of all clientcommands except
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\C and DELIMITER, in non-interactive mode (for input
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piped to mysql or loaded using the 'source' command).
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This is necessary when processing output from mysqlbinlog
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that may contain blobs.
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--connect-expired-password
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Notify the server that this client is prepared to handle
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expired password sandbox mode.
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**mysql命令** 是MySQL数据库服务器的客户端工具，它工作在命令行终端中，完成对远程MySQL数据库服务器的操作。
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Default options are read from the following files in the given order:
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/etc/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf
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The following groups are read: mysql client
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The following options may be given as the first argument:
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--print-defaults Print the program argument list and exit.
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--no-defaults Don't read default options from any option file,
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except for login file.
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--defaults-file=# Only read default options from the given file #.
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--defaults-extra-file=# Read this file after the global files are read.
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--defaults-group-suffix=#
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Also read groups with concat(group, suffix)
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--login-path=# Read this path from the login file.
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### 语法
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Variables (--variable-name=value)
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and boolean options {FALSE|TRUE} Value (after reading options)
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--------------------------------- ----------------------------------------
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auto-rehash FALSE
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auto-vertical-output FALSE
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bind-address (No default value)
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binary-as-hex FALSE
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character-sets-dir (No default value)
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column-type-info FALSE
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comments FALSE
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compress FALSE
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database (No default value)
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default-character-set utf8
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delimiter ;
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enable-cleartext-plugin FALSE
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vertical FALSE
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force FALSE
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histignore (No default value)
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named-commands FALSE
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ignore-spaces FALSE
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init-command (No default value)
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local-infile FALSE
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no-beep FALSE
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host (No default value)
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html FALSE
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xml FALSE
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line-numbers TRUE
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unbuffered FALSE
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column-names TRUE
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sigint-ignore FALSE
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port 3306
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prompt mysql>
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quick FALSE
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raw FALSE
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reconnect TRUE
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socket /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
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ssl TRUE
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ssl-verify-server-cert FALSE
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ssl-ca (No default value)
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ssl-capath (No default value)
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ssl-cert (No default value)
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ssl-cipher (No default value)
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ssl-key (No default value)
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ssl-crl (No default value)
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ssl-crlpath (No default value)
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tls-version (No default value)
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table FALSE
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user (No default value)
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safe-updates FALSE
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i-am-a-dummy FALSE
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connect-timeout 0
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max-allowed-packet 16777216
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net-buffer-length 16384
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select-limit 1000
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max-join-size 1000000
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secure-auth TRUE
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show-warnings FALSE
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plugin-dir (No default value)
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default-auth (No default value)
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binary-mode FALSE
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connect-expired-password FALSE
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```
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mysql(选项)(参数)
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```
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### 选项
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## 安装mysql
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### centos
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```sh
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yum安装
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https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/MySQL-5.6.38-1.el6.src.rpm
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rpm -ivh https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el6-11.noarch.rpm
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yum localinstall platform-and-version-specific-package-name.rpm # 例如：mysql57-community-release-el6-11.noarch.rpm
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yum install -y mysql-community-server
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MySQL 5.7.6 and later:
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ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPass';
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MySQL 5.7.5 and earlier:
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SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('MyNewPass');
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防火墙的3306端口默认没有开启，若要远程访问，需要开启这个端口
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打开/etc/sysconfig/iptables
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-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
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mysql -u root -p xxxx -h 127.0.0.1
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ALTER USER USER() IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
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flush privileges
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从任何主机上使用root用户，密码：youpassword（你的root密码）连接到mysql服务器：
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GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'youpassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;
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```
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-h：MySQL服务器的ip地址或主机名；
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-u：连接MySQL服务器的用户名；
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-e：执行mysql内部命令；
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-p：连接MySQL服务器的密码。
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```
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### 参数
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## 升级和降级mysql
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数据库：指定连接服务器后自动打开的数据库。
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```sh
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<!-- Linux命令行搜索引擎：https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/ -->
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```
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## 其他记录
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Black-Gold
6 years ago