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# **printf**
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## 说明
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**printf命令** 格式化并输出结果到标准输出
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## 选项
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```markdown
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和C语言printf一样，FORMAT控制输出，转义序列如下：
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\" 双引号
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\\ 反斜杠
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\a 警告字符，通常是ASCII的(BEL)字符
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\b 后退
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\c 抑制（不显示）输出结果中任何结尾的换行字符（只在%b格式指示符控制下的参数字符串中有效）
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\e escape
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\f 换页(form feed)
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\n 换行
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\r 回车(carriage return)
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\t 水平制表符
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\v 垂直制表符
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\NNN byte with octal value NNN (1 to 3 digits)
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\xHH byte with hexadecimal value HH (1 to 2 digits)
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\uHHHH Unicode (ISO/IEC 10646) character with hex value HHHH (4 digits)
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\UHHHHHHHH Unicode character with hex value HHHHHHHH (8 digits)
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%% a single %
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%b ARGUMENT as a string with '\' escapes interpreted, except that octal escapes are of the form \0 or \0NNN
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```
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**格式替代符**
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* %b 相对应的参数被视为含有要被处理的转义序列之字符串。
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* %c ASCII字符。显示相对应参数的第一个字符
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* %d, %i 十进制整数
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* %e, %E, %f 浮点格式
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* %g %e或%f转换，看哪一个较短，则删除结尾的零
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* %G %E或%f转换，看哪一个较短，则删除结尾的零
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* %o 不带正负号的八进制值
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* %s 字符串
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* %u 不带正负号的十进制值
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* %x 不带正负号的十六进制值，使用a至f表示10至15
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* %X 不带正负号的十六进制值，使用A至F表示10至15
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* %% 字面意义的%
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## 实例
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```bash
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# %-5s 格式为左对齐且宽度为5的字符串代替（-表示左对齐），不使用则是又对齐
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# %-4.2f 格式为左对齐宽度为4，保留两位小数
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printf "%-5s %-10s %-4s\n" NO Name Mark
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printf "%-5s %-10s %-4.2f\n" 01 Tom 90.3456
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printf "%-5s %-10s %-4.2f\n" 02 Jack 89.2345
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printf "%-5s %-10s %-4.2f\n" 03 Jeff 98.4323
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```
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