|
|
|
|
|
pv
|
|
|
|
|
|
===
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
显示当前在命令行执行的命令的进度信息，管道查看器。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## 补充说明
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
**pv命令** Pipe Viewer 的简称，由Andrew Wood 开发。意思是通过管道显示数据处理进度的信息。这些信息包括已经耗费的时间，完成的百分比(通过进度条显示)，当前的速度，全部传输的数据，以及估计剩余的时间。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## 下载安装
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
|
|
|
|
# Debian 系的操作系统，如 Ubuntu
|
|
|
|
|
|
sudo apt-get install pv
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# RedHat系的则这样：
|
|
|
|
|
|
yum install pv
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### 语法
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
|
|
|
|
pv(选项)(参数)
|
|
|
|
|
|
pv [OPTION] [FILE]...
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### 选项
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
-p, --progress show progress bar
|
|
|
|
|
|
-t, --timer show elapsed time
|
|
|
|
|
|
-e, --eta show estimated time of arrival (completion)
|
|
|
|
|
|
-I, --fineta show absolute estimated time of arrival
|
|
|
|
|
|
(completion)
|
|
|
|
|
|
-r, --rate show data transfer rate counter
|
|
|
|
|
|
-a, --average-rate show data transfer average rate counter
|
|
|
|
|
|
-b, --bytes show number of bytes transferred
|
|
|
|
|
|
-T, --buffer-percent show percentage of transfer buffer in use
|
|
|
|
|
|
-A, --last-written NUM show NUM bytes last written
|
|
|
|
|
|
-F, --format FORMAT set output format to FORMAT
|
|
|
|
|
|
-n, --numeric 输出百分比
|
|
|
|
|
|
-q, --quiet do not output any transfer information at all
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-W, --wait display nothing until first byte transferred
|
|
|
|
|
|
-D, --delay-start SEC display nothing until SEC seconds have passed
|
|
|
|
|
|
-s, --size SIZE set estimated data size to SIZE bytes
|
|
|
|
|
|
-l, --line-mode count lines instead of bytes
|
|
|
|
|
|
-0, --null lines are null-terminated
|
|
|
|
|
|
-i, --interval SEC update every SEC seconds
|
|
|
|
|
|
-w, --width WIDTH assume terminal is WIDTH characters wide
|
|
|
|
|
|
-H, --height HEIGHT assume terminal is HEIGHT rows high
|
|
|
|
|
|
-N, --name NAME prefix visual information with NAME
|
|
|
|
|
|
-f, --force output even if standard error is not a terminal
|
|
|
|
|
|
-c, --cursor use cursor positioning escape sequences
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-L, --rate-limit RATE limit transfer to RATE bytes per second
|
|
|
|
|
|
-B, --buffer-size BYTES use a buffer size of BYTES
|
|
|
|
|
|
-C, --no-splice never use splice(), always use read/write
|
|
|
|
|
|
-E, --skip-errors skip read errors in input
|
|
|
|
|
|
-S, --stop-at-size stop after --size bytes have been transferred
|
|
|
|
|
|
-R, --remote PID update settings of process PID
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-P, --pidfile FILE save process ID in FILE
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-d, --watchfd PID[:FD] watch file FD opened by process PID
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-h, --help 显示帮助
|
|
|
|
|
|
-V, --version 显示版本信息
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### 实例
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
我们（在 linux 上使用命令行的用户）的大多数使用场景都会用到的命令是从一个 USB 驱动器拷贝电影文件到你的电脑。如果你使用 cp 来完成上面的任务，你会什么情况都不清楚，直到整个复制过程结束或者出错。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 复制文件会有进度
|
|
|
|
|
|
linux [master●] % pv ~/Downloads/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1511.iso > ~/Desktop/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1511.iso
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 下面输入信息
|
|
|
|
|
|
552MiB 0:00:02 [ 212MiB/s] [==================> ] 91% ETA 0:00:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# -L 可以让你修改 pv 命令的传输速率。
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 使用 -L 选项来限制传输速率为2MB/s。
|
|
|
|
|
|
pv -L 2m /media/himanshu/1AC2-A8E3/fNf.mkv > ./Desktop/fnf.mkv
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 字符一个个匀速在命令行中显示出来
|
|
|
|
|
|
echo "Tecmint[dot]com is a community of Linux Nerds and Geeks" | pv -qL 10
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 压缩文件展示进度信息
|
|
|
|
|
|
pv /media/himanshu/1AC2-A8E3/fnf.mkv | gzip > ./Desktop/fnf.log.gz
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 用 dd 命令将 iso 写入磁盘，pv来实现进度条的显示
|
|
|
|
|
|
sudo pv -cN source < /Users/kacperwang/Downloads/CentOS-7-x86_64-Everything-1511.iso | sudo dd of=/dev/disk2 bs=4m
|
|
|
|
|
|
## 显示下面进度
|
|
|
|
|
|
source: 5.2GiB 5:11:41 [ 503KiB/s] [=====================> ] 71% ETA 2:01:56
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Linux命令行搜索引擎：https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/ -->
|
