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file
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===
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用来探测给定文件的类型。
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## 补充说明
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**file命令** 用来探测给定文件的类型。file命令对文件的检查分为文件系统、魔法幻数检查和语言检查3个过程。
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### 语法
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```
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file(选项)(参数)
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```
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### 选项
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```
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-b:列出辨识结果时,不显示文件名称;
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-c:详细显示指令执行过程,便于排错或分析程序执行的情形;
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-f<名称文件>:指定名称文件,其内容有一个或多个文件名称时,让file依序辨识这些文件,格式为每列一个文件名称;
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-L:直接显示符号连接所指向的文件类别;
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-m<魔法数字文件>:指定魔法数字文件;
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-v:显示版本信息;
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-z:尝试去解读压缩文件的内容。
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```
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### 参数
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文件:要确定类型的文件列表,多个文件之间使用空格分开,可以使用shell通配符匹配多个文件。
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### 实例
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显示文件类型
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```
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[root@localhost ~]# file install.log
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install.log: UTF-8 Unicode text
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[root@localhost ~]# file -b install.log <== 不显示文件名称
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UTF-8 Unicode text
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[root@localhost ~]# file -i install.log <== 显示MIME类别。
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install.log: text/plain; charset=utf-8
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[root@localhost ~]# file -b -i install.log
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text/plain; charset=utf-8
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```
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显示符号链接的文件类型
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```
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[root@localhost ~]# ls -l /var/mail
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 08-13 00:11 /var/mail -> spool/mail
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[root@localhost ~]# file /var/mail
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/var/mail: symbolic link to `spool/mail'
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[root@localhost ~]# file -L /var/mail
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/var/mail: directory
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[root@localhost ~]# file /var/spool/mail
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/var/spool/mail: directory
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[root@localhost ~]# file -L /var/spool/mail
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/var/spool/mail: directory
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```
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<!-- Linux命令行搜索引擎:https://jaywcjlove.github.io/linux-command/ -->
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