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# **file**
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## 说明
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**file命令** 用来探测给定文件的类型。file命令对文件的检查分为文件系统、魔法幻数检查和语言检查3个过程
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## 选项
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```markdown
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Usage: file [OPTION...] [FILE...]
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-m, --magic-file LIST 使用LIST作为冒号分隔的幻数文件列表,即指定魔法数字文件
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-z, --uncompress 尝试去解读压缩文件的内容
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-b, --brief 列出辨识结果时，不显示文件名称
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-c, --checking-printout 打印魔术文件的解析形式，与-m一起使用以在安装之前调试新的魔术文件
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-e, --exclude TEST 从要对文件执行的测试列表中排除TEST
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有效的测试是：ascii，apptype，compress，elf，soft，tar，tokens，troff
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-f, --files-from FILE 指定名称文件，其内容有一个或多个文件名称时，让file依序辨识这些文件，格式为每列一个文件名称
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-F, --separator STRING use string as separator instead of `:'
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-i, --mime output MIME type strings (--mime-type and
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--mime-encoding)
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--apple output the Apple CREATOR/TYPE
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--mime-type output the MIME type
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--mime-encoding output the MIME encoding
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-k, --keep-going don't stop at the first match
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-l, --list list magic strength
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-L, --dereference follow symlinks (default),即直接显示符号连接所指向的文件类别
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-h, --no-dereference don't follow symlinks
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-n, --no-buffer do not buffer output
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-N, --no-pad do not pad output
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-0, --print0 terminate filenames with ASCII NUL
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-p, --preserve-date preserve access times on files
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-r, --raw don't translate unprintable chars to \ooo
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-s, --special-files treat special (block/char devices) files as
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ordinary ones
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-C, --compile compile file specified by -m
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-d, --debug print debugging messages
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```
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## 实例
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```bash
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file install.log # 显示文件类型
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file -i install.log # 显示MIME类别
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```
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