diff --git a/.changeset/curvy-flies-exercise.md b/.changeset/curvy-flies-exercise.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bcdbe1b448
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/curvy-flies-exercise.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'svelte': patch
+---
+
+fix: ensure correct context for action update/destroy functions
diff --git a/packages/svelte/src/internal/client/dom/elements/actions.js b/packages/svelte/src/internal/client/dom/elements/actions.js
index 669a14c057..50f946b93a 100644
--- a/packages/svelte/src/internal/client/dom/elements/actions.js
+++ b/packages/svelte/src/internal/client/dom/elements/actions.js
@@ -11,9 +11,8 @@ import { deep_read_state, untrack } from '../../runtime.js';
 export function action(dom, action, get_value) {
 	effect(() => {
 		var payload = untrack(() => action(dom, get_value?.()) || {});
-		var update = payload?.update;
 
-		if (get_value && update) {
+		if (get_value && payload?.update) {
 			var inited = false;
 
 			render_effect(() => {
@@ -25,13 +24,15 @@ export function action(dom, action, get_value) {
 				deep_read_state(value);
 
 				if (inited) {
-					/** @type {Function} */ (update)(value);
+					/** @type {Function} */ (payload.update)(value);
 				}
 			});
 
 			inited = true;
 		}
 
-		return payload?.destroy;
+		if (payload?.destroy) {
+			return () => /** @type {Function} */ (payload.destroy)();
+		}
 	});
 }
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/runtime-runes/samples/action-context/_config.js b/packages/svelte/tests/runtime-runes/samples/action-context/_config.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..87e9842d9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/runtime-runes/samples/action-context/_config.js
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import { ok, test } from '../../test';
+import { flushSync, tick } from 'svelte';
+import { log } from './log.js';
+
+export default test({
+	html: `<button>0</button>`,
+
+	before_test() {
+		log.length = 0;
+	},
+
+	async test({ assert, target }) {
+		const btn = target.querySelector('button');
+		ok(btn);
+
+		flushSync(() => btn.click());
+		assert.deepEqual(log, ['update', 0, 1]);
+
+		flushSync(() => btn.click());
+		assert.deepEqual(log, ['update', 0, 1, 'destroy', 1]);
+	}
+});
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/runtime-runes/samples/action-context/log.js b/packages/svelte/tests/runtime-runes/samples/action-context/log.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d3df521f4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/runtime-runes/samples/action-context/log.js
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+/** @type {any[]} */
+export const log = [];
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/runtime-runes/samples/action-context/main.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/runtime-runes/samples/action-context/main.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ef8f7894cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/runtime-runes/samples/action-context/main.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+<script>
+	import { log } from './log.js';
+
+	let count = $state(0);
+
+	/**
+	 * @param {Element} _
+	 * @param {number} count
+	 */
+	function action(_, count) {
+		return {
+			count,
+			/** @param {number} count */
+			update(count) {
+				log.push('update', this.count, (this.count = count));
+			},
+			destroy() {
+				log.push('destroy', this.count);
+			},
+		}
+	};
+</script>
+
+{#if count < 2}
+	<button use:action={count} onclick={() => count++}>
+		{count}
+	</button>
+{/if}