diff --git a/.changeset/little-humans-occur.md b/.changeset/little-humans-occur.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..78b94ee26e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/little-humans-occur.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'svelte': minor
+---
+
+feat: add `print(...)` function
diff --git a/packages/svelte/package.json b/packages/svelte/package.json
index c42a062b0e..3f81fb924c 100644
--- a/packages/svelte/package.json
+++ b/packages/svelte/package.json
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@
     "clsx": "^2.1.1",
     "devalue": "^5.5.0",
     "esm-env": "^1.2.1",
-    "esrap": "^2.1.0",
+    "esrap": "^2.2.0",
     "is-reference": "^3.0.3",
     "locate-character": "^3.0.0",
     "magic-string": "^0.30.11",
diff --git a/packages/svelte/src/compiler/index.js b/packages/svelte/src/compiler/index.js
index a378af34ee..9095a2a2f2 100644
--- a/packages/svelte/src/compiler/index.js
+++ b/packages/svelte/src/compiler/index.js
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import { transform_component, transform_module } from './phases/3-transform/inde
 import { validate_component_options, validate_module_options } from './validate-options.js';
 import * as state from './state.js';
 export { default as preprocess } from './preprocess/index.js';
+export { print } from './print/index.js';
 
 /**
  * `compile` converts your `.svelte` source code into a JavaScript module that exports a component
diff --git a/packages/svelte/src/compiler/phases/1-parse/remove_typescript_nodes.js b/packages/svelte/src/compiler/phases/1-parse/remove_typescript_nodes.js
index cb498c3c13..0835c5fc79 100644
--- a/packages/svelte/src/compiler/phases/1-parse/remove_typescript_nodes.js
+++ b/packages/svelte/src/compiler/phases/1-parse/remove_typescript_nodes.js
@@ -27,6 +27,9 @@ const visitors = {
 		delete n.typeArguments;
 		delete n.returnType;
 		delete n.accessibility;
+		delete n.readonly;
+		delete n.definite;
+		delete n.override;
 	},
 	Decorator(node) {
 		e.typescript_invalid_feature(node, 'decorators (related TSC proposal is not stage 4 yet)');
@@ -132,7 +135,14 @@ const visitors = {
 		if (node.declare) {
 			return b.empty;
 		}
+		delete node.abstract;
 		delete node.implements;
+		delete node.superTypeArguments;
+		return context.next();
+	},
+	ClassExpression(node, context) {
+		delete node.implements;
+		delete node.superTypeArguments;
 		return context.next();
 	},
 	MethodDefinition(node, context) {
diff --git a/packages/svelte/src/compiler/print/index.js b/packages/svelte/src/compiler/print/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..abd8b56297
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/src/compiler/print/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,865 @@
+/** @import { AST } from '#compiler'; */
+/** @import { Context, Visitors } from 'esrap' */
+import * as esrap from 'esrap';
+import ts from 'esrap/languages/ts';
+import { is_void } from '../../utils.js';
+
+/** Threshold for when content should be formatted on separate lines */
+const LINE_BREAK_THRESHOLD = 50;
+
+/**
+ * `print` converts a Svelte AST node back into Svelte source code.
+ * It is primarily intended for tools that parse and transform components using the compiler’s modern AST representation.
+ *
+ * `print(ast)` requires an AST node produced by parse with modern: true, or any sub-node within that modern AST.
+ * The result contains the generated source and a corresponding source map.
+ * The output is valid Svelte, but formatting details such as whitespace or quoting may differ from the original.
+ * @param {AST.SvelteNode} ast
+ * @param {import('./types.js').Options | undefined} options
+ */
+export function print(ast, options = undefined) {
+	return esrap.print(
+		ast,
+		/** @type {Visitors<AST.SvelteNode>} */ ({
+			...ts({
+				comments: ast.type === 'Root' ? ast.comments : [],
+				getLeadingComments: options?.getLeadingComments,
+				getTrailingComments: options?.getTrailingComments
+			}),
+			...svelte_visitors,
+			...css_visitors
+		})
+	);
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param {Context} context
+ * @param {AST.SvelteNode} node
+ * @param {boolean} allow_inline
+ */
+function block(context, node, allow_inline = false) {
+	const child_context = context.new();
+	child_context.visit(node);
+
+	if (child_context.empty()) {
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (allow_inline && !child_context.multiline) {
+		context.append(child_context);
+	} else {
+		context.indent();
+		context.newline();
+		context.append(child_context);
+		context.dedent();
+		context.newline();
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param {AST.BaseElement['attributes']} attributes
+ * @param {Context} context
+ * @returns {boolean} true if attributes were formatted on multiple lines
+ */
+function attributes(attributes, context) {
+	if (attributes.length === 0) {
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	// Measure total width of all attributes when rendered inline
+	const child_context = context.new();
+
+	for (const attribute of attributes) {
+		child_context.write(' ');
+		child_context.visit(attribute);
+	}
+
+	const multiline = child_context.measure() > LINE_BREAK_THRESHOLD;
+
+	if (multiline) {
+		context.indent();
+		for (const attribute of attributes) {
+			context.newline();
+			context.visit(attribute);
+		}
+		context.dedent();
+		context.newline();
+	} else {
+		context.append(child_context);
+	}
+
+	return multiline;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param {AST.BaseElement} node
+ * @param {Context} context
+ */
+function base_element(node, context) {
+	const child_context = context.new();
+
+	child_context.write('<' + node.name);
+
+	// Handle special Svelte components/elements that need 'this' attribute
+	if (node.type === 'SvelteComponent') {
+		child_context.write(' this={');
+		child_context.visit(/** @type {AST.SvelteComponent} */ (node).expression);
+		child_context.write('}');
+	} else if (node.type === 'SvelteElement') {
+		child_context.write(' this={');
+		child_context.visit(/** @type {AST.SvelteElement} */ (node).tag);
+		child_context.write('}');
+	}
+
+	const multiline_attributes = attributes(node.attributes, child_context);
+
+	const is_self_closing =
+		is_void(node.name) || (node.type === 'Component' && node.fragment.nodes.length === 0);
+	let multiline_content = false;
+
+	if (is_self_closing) {
+		child_context.write(`${multiline_attributes ? '' : ' '}/>`);
+	} else {
+		child_context.write('>');
+
+		// Process the element's content in a separate context for measurement
+		const content_context = child_context.new();
+		const allow_inline_content = child_context.measure() < LINE_BREAK_THRESHOLD;
+		block(content_context, node.fragment, allow_inline_content);
+
+		// Determine if content should be formatted on multiple lines
+		multiline_content = content_context.measure() > LINE_BREAK_THRESHOLD;
+
+		if (multiline_content) {
+			child_context.newline();
+
+			// Only indent if attributes are inline and content itself isn't already multiline
+			const should_indent = !multiline_attributes && !content_context.multiline;
+			if (should_indent) {
+				child_context.indent();
+			}
+
+			child_context.append(content_context);
+
+			if (should_indent) {
+				child_context.dedent();
+			}
+
+			child_context.newline();
+		} else {
+			child_context.append(content_context);
+		}
+
+		child_context.write(`</${node.name}>`);
+	}
+
+	const break_line_after = child_context.measure() > LINE_BREAK_THRESHOLD;
+
+	if ((multiline_content || multiline_attributes) && !context.empty()) {
+		context.newline();
+	}
+
+	context.append(child_context);
+
+	if (is_self_closing) return;
+	if (multiline_content || multiline_attributes || break_line_after) {
+		context.newline();
+	}
+}
+
+/** @type {Visitors<AST.SvelteNode>} */
+const css_visitors = {
+	Atrule(node, context) {
+		context.write(`@${node.name}`);
+		if (node.prelude) context.write(` ${node.prelude}`);
+
+		if (node.block) {
+			context.write(' ');
+			context.visit(node.block);
+		} else {
+			context.write(';');
+		}
+	},
+
+	Block(node, context) {
+		context.write('{');
+
+		if (node.children.length > 0) {
+			context.indent();
+			context.newline();
+
+			let started = false;
+
+			for (const child of node.children) {
+				if (started) {
+					context.newline();
+				}
+
+				context.visit(child);
+
+				started = true;
+			}
+
+			context.dedent();
+			context.newline();
+		}
+
+		context.write('}');
+	},
+
+	ClassSelector(node, context) {
+		context.write(`.${node.name}`);
+	},
+
+	ComplexSelector(node, context) {
+		for (const selector of node.children) {
+			context.visit(selector);
+		}
+	},
+
+	Declaration(node, context) {
+		context.write(`${node.property}: ${node.value};`);
+	},
+
+	Nth(node, context) {
+		context.write(node.value);
+	},
+
+	PseudoClassSelector(node, context) {
+		context.write(`:${node.name}`);
+
+		if (node.args) {
+			context.write('(');
+
+			let started = false;
+
+			for (const arg of node.args.children) {
+				if (started) {
+					context.write(', ');
+				}
+
+				context.visit(arg);
+
+				started = true;
+			}
+
+			context.write(')');
+		}
+	},
+
+	PseudoElementSelector(node, context) {
+		context.write(`::${node.name}`);
+	},
+
+	RelativeSelector(node, context) {
+		if (node.combinator) {
+			if (node.combinator.name === ' ') {
+				context.write(' ');
+			} else {
+				context.write(` ${node.combinator.name} `);
+			}
+		}
+
+		for (const selector of node.selectors) {
+			context.visit(selector);
+		}
+	},
+
+	Rule(node, context) {
+		let started = false;
+
+		for (const selector of node.prelude.children) {
+			if (started) {
+				context.write(',');
+				context.newline();
+			}
+
+			context.visit(selector);
+			started = true;
+		}
+
+		context.write(' ');
+		context.visit(node.block);
+	},
+
+	SelectorList(node, context) {
+		let started = false;
+		for (const selector of node.children) {
+			if (started) {
+				context.write(', ');
+			}
+
+			context.visit(selector);
+			started = true;
+		}
+	},
+
+	TypeSelector(node, context) {
+		context.write(node.name);
+	}
+};
+
+/** @type {Visitors<AST.SvelteNode>} */
+const svelte_visitors = {
+	Root(node, context) {
+		if (node.options) {
+			context.write('<svelte:options');
+
+			for (const attribute of node.options.attributes) {
+				context.write(' ');
+				context.visit(attribute);
+			}
+
+			context.write(' />');
+		}
+
+		let started = false;
+
+		for (const item of [node.module, node.instance, node.fragment, node.css]) {
+			if (!item) continue;
+
+			if (started) {
+				context.margin();
+				context.newline();
+			}
+
+			context.visit(item);
+			started = true;
+		}
+	},
+
+	Script(node, context) {
+		context.write('<script');
+		attributes(node.attributes, context);
+		context.write('>');
+		block(context, node.content);
+		context.write('</script>');
+	},
+
+	Fragment(node, context) {
+		/** @type {AST.SvelteNode[][]} */
+		const items = [];
+
+		/** @type {AST.SvelteNode[]} */
+		let sequence = [];
+
+		const flush = () => {
+			items.push(sequence);
+			sequence = [];
+		};
+
+		for (let i = 0; i < node.nodes.length; i += 1) {
+			let child_node = node.nodes[i];
+
+			const prev = node.nodes[i - 1];
+			const next = node.nodes[i + 1];
+
+			if (child_node.type === 'Text') {
+				child_node = { ...child_node }; // always clone, so we can safely mutate
+
+				child_node.data = child_node.data.replace(/[^\S]+/g, ' ');
+
+				// trim fragment
+				if (i === 0) {
+					child_node.data = child_node.data.trimStart();
+				}
+
+				if (i === node.nodes.length - 1) {
+					child_node.data = child_node.data.trimEnd();
+				}
+
+				if (child_node.data === '') {
+					continue;
+				}
+
+				if (child_node.data.startsWith(' ') && prev && prev.type !== 'ExpressionTag') {
+					flush();
+					child_node.data = child_node.data.trimStart();
+				}
+
+				if (child_node.data !== '') {
+					sequence.push({ ...child_node, data: child_node.data });
+
+					if (child_node.data.endsWith(' ') && next && next.type !== 'ExpressionTag') {
+						flush();
+						child_node.data = child_node.data.trimStart();
+					}
+				}
+			} else {
+				sequence.push(child_node);
+			}
+		}
+
+		flush();
+
+		let multiline = false;
+		let width = 0;
+
+		const child_contexts = items.map((sequence) => {
+			const child_context = context.new();
+
+			for (const node of sequence) {
+				child_context.visit(node);
+				multiline ||= child_context.multiline;
+			}
+
+			width += child_context.measure();
+
+			return child_context;
+		});
+
+		multiline ||= width > LINE_BREAK_THRESHOLD;
+
+		for (let i = 0; i < child_contexts.length; i += 1) {
+			const prev = child_contexts[i];
+			const next = child_contexts[i + 1];
+
+			context.append(prev);
+
+			if (next) {
+				if (prev.multiline || next.multiline) {
+					context.margin();
+					context.newline();
+				} else if (multiline) {
+					context.newline();
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	},
+
+	AnimateDirective(node, context) {
+		context.write(`animate:${node.name}`);
+		if (
+			node.expression !== null &&
+			!(node.expression.type === 'Identifier' && node.expression.name === node.name)
+		) {
+			context.write('={');
+			context.visit(node.expression);
+			context.write('}');
+		}
+	},
+
+	AttachTag(node, context) {
+		context.write('{@attach ');
+		context.visit(node.expression);
+		context.write('}');
+	},
+
+	Attribute(node, context) {
+		context.write(node.name);
+
+		if (node.value === true) return;
+
+		context.write('=');
+
+		if (Array.isArray(node.value)) {
+			if (node.value.length > 1 || node.value[0].type === 'Text') {
+				context.write('"');
+			}
+
+			for (const chunk of node.value) {
+				context.visit(chunk);
+			}
+
+			if (node.value.length > 1 || node.value[0].type === 'Text') {
+				context.write('"');
+			}
+		} else {
+			context.visit(node.value);
+		}
+	},
+
+	AwaitBlock(node, context) {
+		context.write(`{#await `);
+		context.visit(node.expression);
+
+		if (node.pending) {
+			context.write('}');
+			block(context, node.pending);
+			context.write('{:');
+		} else {
+			context.write(' ');
+		}
+
+		if (node.then) {
+			context.write(node.value ? 'then ' : 'then');
+			if (node.value) context.visit(node.value);
+			context.write('}');
+
+			block(context, node.then);
+
+			if (node.catch) {
+				context.write('{:');
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (node.catch) {
+			context.write(node.value ? 'catch ' : 'catch');
+			if (node.error) context.visit(node.error);
+			context.write('}');
+
+			block(context, node.catch);
+		}
+
+		context.write('{/await}');
+	},
+
+	BindDirective(node, context) {
+		context.write(`bind:${node.name}`);
+
+		if (node.expression.type === 'Identifier' && node.expression.name === node.name) {
+			// shorthand
+			return;
+		}
+
+		context.write('={');
+
+		if (node.expression.type === 'SequenceExpression') {
+			context.visit(node.expression.expressions[0]);
+			context.write(', ');
+			context.visit(node.expression.expressions[1]);
+		} else {
+			context.visit(node.expression);
+		}
+
+		context.write('}');
+	},
+
+	ClassDirective(node, context) {
+		context.write(`class:${node.name}`);
+		if (
+			node.expression !== null &&
+			!(node.expression.type === 'Identifier' && node.expression.name === node.name)
+		) {
+			context.write('={');
+			context.visit(node.expression);
+			context.write('}');
+		}
+	},
+
+	Comment(node, context) {
+		context.write('<!--' + node.data + '-->');
+	},
+
+	Component(node, context) {
+		base_element(node, context);
+	},
+
+	ConstTag(node, context) {
+		context.write('{@');
+		context.visit(node.declaration);
+		context.write('}');
+	},
+
+	DebugTag(node, context) {
+		context.write('{@debug ');
+		let started = false;
+		for (const identifier of node.identifiers) {
+			if (started) {
+				context.write(', ');
+			}
+			context.visit(identifier);
+			started = true;
+		}
+		context.write('}');
+	},
+
+	EachBlock(node, context) {
+		context.write('{#each ');
+		context.visit(node.expression);
+
+		if (node.context) {
+			context.write(' as ');
+			context.visit(node.context);
+		}
+
+		if (node.index) {
+			context.write(`, ${node.index}`);
+		}
+
+		if (node.key) {
+			context.write(' (');
+			context.visit(node.key);
+			context.write(')');
+		}
+
+		context.write('}');
+
+		block(context, node.body);
+
+		if (node.fallback) {
+			context.write('{:else}');
+			block(context, node.fallback);
+		}
+
+		context.write('{/each}');
+	},
+
+	ExpressionTag(node, context) {
+		context.write('{');
+		context.visit(node.expression);
+		context.write('}');
+	},
+
+	HtmlTag(node, context) {
+		context.write('{@html ');
+		context.visit(node.expression);
+		context.write('}');
+	},
+
+	IfBlock(node, context) {
+		if (node.elseif) {
+			context.write('{:else if ');
+			context.visit(node.test);
+			context.write('}');
+
+			block(context, node.consequent);
+		} else {
+			context.write('{#if ');
+			context.visit(node.test);
+			context.write('}');
+
+			block(context, node.consequent);
+		}
+
+		if (node.alternate !== null) {
+			if (
+				!(
+					node.alternate.nodes.length === 1 &&
+					node.alternate.nodes[0].type === 'IfBlock' &&
+					node.alternate.nodes[0].elseif
+				)
+			) {
+				context.write('{:else}');
+				block(context, node.alternate);
+			} else {
+				context.visit(node.alternate);
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (!node.elseif) {
+			context.write('{/if}');
+		}
+	},
+
+	KeyBlock(node, context) {
+		context.write('{#key ');
+		context.visit(node.expression);
+		context.write('}');
+		block(context, node.fragment);
+		context.write('{/key}');
+	},
+
+	LetDirective(node, context) {
+		context.write(`let:${node.name}`);
+		if (
+			node.expression !== null &&
+			!(node.expression.type === 'Identifier' && node.expression.name === node.name)
+		) {
+			context.write('={');
+			context.visit(node.expression);
+			context.write('}');
+		}
+	},
+
+	OnDirective(node, context) {
+		context.write(`on:${node.name}`);
+		for (const modifier of node.modifiers) {
+			context.write(`|${modifier}`);
+		}
+		if (
+			node.expression !== null &&
+			!(node.expression.type === 'Identifier' && node.expression.name === node.name)
+		) {
+			context.write('={');
+			context.visit(node.expression);
+			context.write('}');
+		}
+	},
+
+	RegularElement(node, context) {
+		base_element(node, context);
+	},
+
+	RenderTag(node, context) {
+		context.write('{@render ');
+		context.visit(node.expression);
+		context.write('}');
+	},
+
+	SlotElement(node, context) {
+		base_element(node, context);
+	},
+
+	SnippetBlock(node, context) {
+		context.write('{#snippet ');
+		context.visit(node.expression);
+
+		if (node.typeParams) {
+			context.write(`<${node.typeParams}>`);
+		}
+
+		context.write('(');
+
+		for (let i = 0; i < node.parameters.length; i += 1) {
+			if (i > 0) context.write(', ');
+			context.visit(node.parameters[i]);
+		}
+
+		context.write(')}');
+		block(context, node.body);
+		context.write('{/snippet}');
+	},
+
+	SpreadAttribute(node, context) {
+		context.write('{...');
+		context.visit(node.expression);
+		context.write('}');
+	},
+
+	StyleDirective(node, context) {
+		context.write(`style:${node.name}`);
+		for (const modifier of node.modifiers) {
+			context.write(`|${modifier}`);
+		}
+
+		if (node.value === true) {
+			return;
+		}
+
+		context.write('=');
+
+		if (Array.isArray(node.value)) {
+			context.write('"');
+
+			for (const tag of node.value) {
+				context.visit(tag);
+			}
+
+			context.write('"');
+		} else {
+			context.visit(node.value);
+		}
+	},
+
+	StyleSheet(node, context) {
+		context.write('<style');
+		attributes(node.attributes, context);
+		context.write('>');
+
+		if (node.children.length > 0) {
+			context.indent();
+			context.newline();
+
+			let started = false;
+
+			for (const child of node.children) {
+				if (started) {
+					context.margin();
+					context.newline();
+				}
+
+				context.visit(child);
+				started = true;
+			}
+
+			context.dedent();
+			context.newline();
+		}
+
+		context.write('</style>');
+	},
+
+	SvelteBoundary(node, context) {
+		base_element(node, context);
+	},
+
+	SvelteComponent(node, context) {
+		context.write('<svelte:component');
+
+		context.write(' this={');
+		context.visit(node.expression);
+		context.write('}');
+		attributes(node.attributes, context);
+		if (node.fragment && node.fragment.nodes.length > 0) {
+			context.write('>');
+			block(context, node.fragment, true);
+			context.write(`</svelte:component>`);
+		} else {
+			context.write(' />');
+		}
+	},
+
+	SvelteDocument(node, context) {
+		base_element(node, context);
+	},
+
+	SvelteElement(node, context) {
+		context.write('<svelte:element ');
+
+		context.write('this={');
+		context.visit(node.tag);
+		context.write('}');
+		attributes(node.attributes, context);
+
+		if (node.fragment && node.fragment.nodes.length > 0) {
+			context.write('>');
+			block(context, node.fragment);
+			context.write(`</svelte:element>`);
+		} else {
+			context.write(' />');
+		}
+	},
+
+	SvelteFragment(node, context) {
+		base_element(node, context);
+	},
+
+	SvelteHead(node, context) {
+		base_element(node, context);
+	},
+
+	SvelteSelf(node, context) {
+		base_element(node, context);
+	},
+
+	SvelteWindow(node, context) {
+		base_element(node, context);
+	},
+
+	Text(node, context) {
+		context.write(node.data);
+	},
+
+	TitleElement(node, context) {
+		base_element(node, context);
+	},
+
+	TransitionDirective(node, context) {
+		const directive = node.intro && node.outro ? 'transition' : node.intro ? 'in' : 'out';
+		context.write(`${directive}:${node.name}`);
+		for (const modifier of node.modifiers) {
+			context.write(`|${modifier}`);
+		}
+		if (
+			node.expression !== null &&
+			!(node.expression.type === 'Identifier' && node.expression.name === node.name)
+		) {
+			context.write('={');
+			context.visit(node.expression);
+			context.write('}');
+		}
+	},
+
+	UseDirective(node, context) {
+		context.write(`use:${node.name}`);
+		if (
+			node.expression !== null &&
+			!(node.expression.type === 'Identifier' && node.expression.name === node.name)
+		) {
+			context.write('={');
+			context.visit(node.expression);
+			context.write('}');
+		}
+	}
+};
diff --git a/packages/svelte/src/compiler/print/types.d.ts b/packages/svelte/src/compiler/print/types.d.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cf9b749e0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/src/compiler/print/types.d.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+import ts from 'esrap/languages/ts';
+
+export type Options = {
+	getLeadingComments?: NonNullable<Parameters<typeof ts>[0]>['getLeadingComments'] | undefined;
+	getTrailingComments?: NonNullable<Parameters<typeof ts>[0]>['getTrailingComments'] | undefined;
+};
diff --git a/packages/svelte/src/compiler/types/template.d.ts b/packages/svelte/src/compiler/types/template.d.ts
index 1f62994807..c06b77c53c 100644
--- a/packages/svelte/src/compiler/types/template.d.ts
+++ b/packages/svelte/src/compiler/types/template.d.ts
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ export namespace AST {
 		};
 	}
 
-	interface BaseElement extends BaseNode {
+	export interface BaseElement extends BaseNode {
 		name: string;
 		attributes: Array<Attribute | SpreadAttribute | Directive | AttachTag>;
 		fragment: Fragment;
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/parser-modern/test.ts b/packages/svelte/tests/parser-modern/test.ts
index 279ba7bc08..e38bfc7525 100644
--- a/packages/svelte/tests/parser-modern/test.ts
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/parser-modern/test.ts
@@ -1,12 +1,16 @@
 import * as fs from 'node:fs';
 import { assert, it } from 'vitest';
-import { parse } from 'svelte/compiler';
+import { parse, print } from 'svelte/compiler';
 import { try_load_json } from '../helpers.js';
 import { suite, type BaseTest } from '../suite.js';
+import { walk } from 'zimmerframe';
+import type { AST } from 'svelte/compiler';
 
 interface ParserTest extends BaseTest {}
 
 const { test, run } = suite<ParserTest>(async (config, cwd) => {
+	const loose = cwd.split('/').pop()!.startsWith('loose-');
+
 	const input = fs
 		.readFileSync(`${cwd}/input.svelte`, 'utf-8')
 		.replace(/\s+$/, '')
@@ -32,8 +36,85 @@ const { test, run } = suite<ParserTest>(async (config, cwd) => {
 		const expected = try_load_json(`${cwd}/output.json`);
 		assert.deepEqual(actual, expected);
 	}
+
+	if (!loose) {
+		const printed = print(actual);
+		const reparsed = JSON.parse(
+			JSON.stringify(
+				parse(printed.code, {
+					modern: true,
+					loose
+				})
+			)
+		);
+
+		fs.writeFileSync(`${cwd}/_actual.svelte`, printed.code);
+
+		delete reparsed.comments;
+
+		assert.deepEqual(clean(actual), clean(reparsed));
+	}
 });
 
+function clean(ast: AST.SvelteNode) {
+	return walk(ast, null, {
+		_(node, context) {
+			// @ts-ignore
+			delete node.start;
+			// @ts-ignore
+			delete node.end;
+			// @ts-ignore
+			delete node.loc;
+			// @ts-ignore
+			delete node.leadingComments;
+			// @ts-ignore
+			delete node.trailingComments;
+
+			context.next();
+		},
+		StyleSheet(node, context) {
+			return {
+				type: node.type,
+				attributes: node.attributes.map((attribute) => context.visit(attribute)),
+				children: node.children.map((child) => context.visit(child)),
+				content: {}
+			} as AST.SvelteNode;
+		},
+		Fragment(node, context) {
+			const nodes: AST.SvelteNode[] = [];
+
+			for (let i = 0; i < node.nodes.length; i += 1) {
+				let child = node.nodes[i];
+
+				if (child.type === 'Text') {
+					child = {
+						...child,
+						// trim multiple whitespace to single space
+						data: child.data.replace(/[^\S]+/g, ' '),
+						raw: child.raw.replace(/[^\S]+/g, ' ')
+					};
+
+					if (i === 0) {
+						child.data = child.data.trimStart();
+						child.raw = child.raw.trimStart();
+					}
+
+					if (i === node.nodes.length - 1) {
+						child.data = child.data.trimEnd();
+						child.raw = child.raw.trimEnd();
+					}
+
+					if (child.data === '') continue;
+				}
+
+				nodes.push(context.visit(child));
+			}
+
+			return { ...node, nodes } as AST.Fragment;
+		}
+	});
+}
+
 export { test };
 
 await run(__dirname);
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/animate-directive/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/animate-directive/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7cd314f714
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/animate-directive/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<div animate:flip>{item}</div>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/animate-directive/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/animate-directive/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7cd314f714
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/animate-directive/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<div animate:flip>{item}</div>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/attach-tag/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/attach-tag/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e92604b92b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/attach-tag/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+<script lang="ts">
+	import type { Attachment } from 'svelte/attachments';
+
+	const myAttachment: Attachment = (element) => {
+		console.log(element.nodeName);
+
+		return () => {
+			console.log('cleaning up');
+		};
+	};
+</script>
+
+<div {@attach myAttachment}>...</div>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/attach-tag/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/attach-tag/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e92604b92b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/attach-tag/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+<script lang="ts">
+	import type { Attachment } from 'svelte/attachments';
+
+	const myAttachment: Attachment = (element) => {
+		console.log(element.nodeName);
+
+		return () => {
+			console.log('cleaning up');
+		};
+	};
+</script>
+
+<div {@attach myAttachment}>...</div>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/attribute/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/attribute/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4da846f8e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/attribute/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<div class="foo" data-foo="bar"></div>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/attribute/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/attribute/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4da846f8e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/attribute/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<div class="foo" data-foo="bar"></div>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/await-block/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/await-block/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..10f0b3fb9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/await-block/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{#await promise}
+	<!-- promise is pending -->
+	<p>waiting for the promise to resolve...</p>
+{:then value}
+	<!-- promise was fulfilled or not a Promise -->
+	<p>The value is {value}</p>
+{:catch error}
+	<!-- promise was rejected -->
+	<p>Something went wrong: {error.message}</p>
+{/await}
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/await-block/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/await-block/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..10f0b3fb9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/await-block/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{#await promise}
+	<!-- promise is pending -->
+	<p>waiting for the promise to resolve...</p>
+{:then value}
+	<!-- promise was fulfilled or not a Promise -->
+	<p>The value is {value}</p>
+{:catch error}
+	<!-- promise was rejected -->
+	<p>Something went wrong: {error.message}</p>
+{/await}
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/bind-directive/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/bind-directive/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3b7e08921e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/bind-directive/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<input bind:value={name} />
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/bind-directive/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/bind-directive/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3b7e08921e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/bind-directive/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<input bind:value={name} />
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/block/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/block/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..84140c5c02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/block/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{#if   condition} yes {:else} no {/if}
+
+{#each items as item, i}
+  <p>{i}: {item}</p>
+{/each}
+
+{#if condition}yes{:else}no{/if}
+
+{#each items as item, i}<p>{i}: {item}</p>{/each}
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/block/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/block/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e5d8590875
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/block/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+{#if condition}
+	yes
+{:else}
+	no
+{/if}
+
+{#each items as item, i}
+	<p>{i}: {item}</p>
+{/each}
+
+{#if condition}
+	yes
+{:else}
+	no
+{/if}
+
+{#each items as item, i}
+	<p>{i}: {item}</p>
+{/each}
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/class-directive/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/class-directive/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5e63111930
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/class-directive/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<script>
+    let active = true;
+    let foo = false;
+</script>
+
+<div class:active class:bar={foo}>
+    Hello world!
+</div>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/class-directive/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/class-directive/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..14e5611331
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/class-directive/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<script>
+	let active = true;
+	let foo = false;
+</script>
+
+<div class:active class:bar={foo}>Hello world!</div>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/comment/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/comment/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d144ced1b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/comment/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+<!-- inline -->
+
+<!-- 
+    multiline
+-->
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/comment/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/comment/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f2f97b65be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/comment/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<!-- inline --><!-- 
+    multiline
+-->
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/component/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/component/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c258d7d609
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/component/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<script>
+    import C from './C.svelte';
+</script>
+
+<C foo="bar" />
+<C foo="bar">
+    <span>Hello World</span>
+</C>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/component/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/component/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ec8b827883
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/component/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<script>
+	import C from './C.svelte';
+</script>
+
+<C foo="bar" />
+<C foo="bar"><span>Hello World</span></C>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/const-tag/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/const-tag/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..50ada2dd66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/const-tag/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<script>
+    const boxes = [];
+</script>
+
+{#each boxes as box}
+	{@const area = box.width * box.height}
+	{box.width} * {box.height} = {area}
+{/each}
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/const-tag/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/const-tag/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d9d8addcbb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/const-tag/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<script>
+	const boxes = [];
+</script>
+
+{#each boxes as box}
+	{@const area = box.width * box.height;}
+	{box.width} * {box.height} = {area}
+{/each}
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/each-block/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/each-block/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a859705fec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/each-block/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+{#each items as { id, name, qty }, i (id)}
+	<li>{i + 1}: {name} x {qty}</li>
+{/each}
+
+{#each objects as { id, ...rest }}
+	<li><span>{id}</span><MyComponent {...rest} /></li>
+{/each}
+
+{#each expression}...{/each}
+
+{#each todos as todo}
+	<p>{todo.text}</p>
+{:else}
+	<p>No tasks today!</p>
+{/each}
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/each-block/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/each-block/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b19925a694
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/each-block/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+{#each items as { id, name, qty }, i (id)}
+	<li>{i + 1}: {name} x {qty}</li>
+{/each}
+
+{#each objects as { id, ...rest }}
+	<li><span>{id}</span><MyComponent {...rest} /></li>
+{/each}
+
+{#each expression}
+	...
+{/each}
+
+{#each todos as todo}
+	<p>{todo.text}</p>
+{:else}
+	<p>No tasks today!</p>
+{/each}
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/expression-tag/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/expression-tag/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3920c3b40a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/expression-tag/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+<span>{name}</span>
+<span>{count + 1}</span>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/expression-tag/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/expression-tag/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9142a59631
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/expression-tag/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<span>{name}</span><span>{count + 1}</span>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/formatting/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/formatting/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9b1898e9c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/formatting/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<script>import { setLocale } from '$lib/paraglide/runtime';import { m } from '$lib/paraglide/messages.js';</script><h1>{m.hello_world({ name: 'SvelteKit User' })}</h1><div><button onclick={() => setLocale('en')}>en</button><button	onclick={() => setLocale('es')}>es</button></div><p>If you use VSCode, install the <a href="https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=inlang.vs-code-extension" target="_blank">Sherlock i18n extension</a>for a better i18n experience.</p>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/formatting/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/formatting/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7b40642580
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/formatting/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+<script>
+	import { setLocale } from '$lib/paraglide/runtime';
+	import { m } from '$lib/paraglide/messages.js';
+</script>
+
+<h1>{m.hello_world({ name: 'SvelteKit User' })}</h1>
+<div>
+	<button onclick={() => setLocale('en')}>en</button>
+	<button onclick={() => setLocale('es')}>es</button>
+</div>
+<p>
+	If you use VSCode, install the 
+
+	<a
+		href="https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=inlang.vs-code-extension"
+		target="_blank"
+	>
+		Sherlock i18n extension
+	</a>
+	for a better i18n experience.
+</p>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/html-tag/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/html-tag/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d021ee8fa6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/html-tag/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<article>
+	{@html content}
+</article>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/html-tag/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/html-tag/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..84777d9b6a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/html-tag/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<article>{@html content}</article>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/if-block/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/if-block/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0a444a1252
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/if-block/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+{#if porridge.temperature > 100}
+	<p>too hot!</p>
+{:else if 80 > porridge.temperature}
+	<p>too cold!</p>
+{:else}
+	<p>just right!</p>
+{/if}
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/if-block/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/if-block/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0a444a1252
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/if-block/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+{#if porridge.temperature > 100}
+	<p>too hot!</p>
+{:else if 80 > porridge.temperature}
+	<p>too cold!</p>
+{:else}
+	<p>just right!</p>
+{/if}
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/key-block/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/key-block/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9d09f8f00a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/key-block/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{#key value}
+	<Component />
+{/key}
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/key-block/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/key-block/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9d09f8f00a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/key-block/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{#key value}
+	<Component />
+{/key}
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/let-directive/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/let-directive/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c6b49c1561
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/let-directive/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<FancyList {items} let:item={processed}>
+	<div>{processed.text}</div>
+</FancyList>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/let-directive/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/let-directive/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c7254150e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/let-directive/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<FancyList items={items} let:item={processed}><div>{processed.text}</div></FancyList>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/on-directive/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/on-directive/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..976749696a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/on-directive/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+<script lang="ts">
+	let count = 0;
+
+	function handleClick(event: MouseEvent) {
+		count += 1;
+	}
+</script>
+
+<button on:click|preventDefault={handleClick}>
+	count: {count}
+</button>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/on-directive/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/on-directive/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..da0945678d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/on-directive/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+<script lang="ts">
+	let count = 0;
+
+	function handleClick(event: MouseEvent) {
+		count += 1;
+	}
+</script>
+
+<button on:click|preventDefault={handleClick}>count: {count}</button>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/regular-element/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/regular-element/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c39f4f487f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/regular-element/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+<div><a href="/foo">bar</a></div>
+<br />
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/regular-element/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/regular-element/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0cf7c2472f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/regular-element/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<div><a href="/foo">bar</a></div><br />
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/render-tag/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/render-tag/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b301e4b0d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/render-tag/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+{#snippet sum(a, b)}
+	<p>{a} + {b} = {a + b}</p>
+{/snippet}
+
+{@render sum(1, 2)}
+{@render sum(3, 4)}
+{@render sum(5, 6)}
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/render-tag/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/render-tag/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b301e4b0d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/render-tag/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+{#snippet sum(a, b)}
+	<p>{a} + {b} = {a + b}</p>
+{/snippet}
+
+{@render sum(1, 2)}
+{@render sum(3, 4)}
+{@render sum(5, 6)}
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/script/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/script/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f094ccf550
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/script/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<script lang="ts" module>
+    console.log('hello world');
+</script>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/script/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/script/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..da5f5725bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/script/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<script lang="ts" module>
+	console.log('hello world');
+</script>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/slot-element/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/slot-element/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b92372f984
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/slot-element/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<div class="modal">
+	<slot></slot>
+</div>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/slot-element/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/slot-element/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4d59994078
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/slot-element/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<div class="modal"><slot></slot></div>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/snippet-block/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/snippet-block/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..47f8efd9e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/snippet-block/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{#snippet name(param1, param2, paramN)}
+    Foo
+{/snippet}
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/snippet-block/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/snippet-block/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bb172f1db6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/snippet-block/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{#snippet name(param1, param2, paramN)}
+	Foo
+{/snippet}
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/spread-attribute/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/spread-attribute/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..836425cae3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/spread-attribute/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<div {...props}></div>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/spread-attribute/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/spread-attribute/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..836425cae3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/spread-attribute/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<div {...props}></div>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/style-directive/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/style-directive/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2951fc9daa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/style-directive/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+<div style:color="red">...</div>
+<div style:color style:width="12rem" style:background-color={darkMode ? 'black' : 'white'}>...</div>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/style-directive/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/style-directive/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5aa3a6dcdb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/style-directive/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<div style:color="red">...</div>
+<div
+	style:color
+	style:width="12rem"
+	style:background-color={darkMode ? 'black' : 'white'}
+>
+	...
+</div>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/style/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/style/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..94312774ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/style/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+<style>
+  .foo {
+    color: red;
+  }
+
+  .foo.bar {
+    color: blue;
+  }
+
+  @media (max-width: 600px) {
+    .box {
+      display: none;
+    }
+  }
+
+
+  @keyframes fade {
+    from { opacity: 0; }
+    to   { opacity: 1; }
+  }
+
+
+  @font-face {
+    font-family: "MyFont";
+    src: url("/fonts/MyFont.woff2") format("woff2");
+  }
+
+  .container .item { color: red; }
+  nav > ul.menu { display: flex; }
+  h2 + p.note { margin-top: 0; }
+  li:nth-child(2n + 1) { color: red; }
+  .button:hover { opacity: 0.5; }
+  .card::before {
+    content: "";
+    display: block;
+  }
+  .container > .item { color: red; }
+  h1 + p { margin-top: 0; }
+
+  .container .item, nav > ul.menu {
+    color: red;
+  }
+</style>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/style/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/style/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0f87f10941
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/style/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+
+
+<style>
+	.foo {
+		color: red;
+	}
+
+	.foo.bar {
+		color: blue;
+	}
+
+	@media (max-width: 600px) {
+		.box {
+			display: none;
+		}
+	}
+
+	@keyframes fade {
+		from {
+			opacity: 0;
+		}
+		to {
+			opacity: 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	@font-face {
+		font-family: "MyFont";
+		src: url("/fonts/MyFont.woff2") format("woff2");
+	}
+
+	.container .item {
+		color: red;
+	}
+
+	nav > ul.menu {
+		display: flex;
+	}
+
+	h2 + p.note {
+		margin-top: 0;
+	}
+
+	li:nth-child(2n + 1) {
+		color: red;
+	}
+
+	.button:hover {
+		opacity: 0.5;
+	}
+
+	.card::before {
+		content: "";
+		display: block;
+	}
+
+	.container > .item {
+		color: red;
+	}
+
+	h1 + p {
+		margin-top: 0;
+	}
+
+	.container .item,
+	nav > ul.menu {
+		color: red;
+	}
+</style>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-boundary/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-boundary/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2cbd32daf0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-boundary/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<svelte:boundary>
+	<p>{await delayed('hello!')}</p>
+
+	{#snippet pending()}
+		<p>loading...</p>
+	{/snippet}
+</svelte:boundary>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-boundary/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-boundary/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2cbd32daf0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-boundary/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<svelte:boundary>
+	<p>{await delayed('hello!')}</p>
+
+	{#snippet pending()}
+		<p>loading...</p>
+	{/snippet}
+</svelte:boundary>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-component/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-component/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..046ee0f893
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-component/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<svelte:component this={MyComponent} />
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-component/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-component/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..046ee0f893
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-component/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<svelte:component this={MyComponent} />
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-document/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-document/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b99b973e0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-document/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<svelte:document onvisibilitychange={handleVisibilityChange} use:someAction />
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-document/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-document/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..418ae4e008
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-document/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+<svelte:document
+	onvisibilitychange={handleVisibilityChange}
+	use:someAction
+></svelte:document>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-element/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-element/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..388c5a6090
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-element/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<script>
+	let tag = $state('hr');
+</script>
+
+<svelte:element this={tag}>
+	This text cannot appear inside an hr element
+</svelte:element>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-element/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-element/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..388c5a6090
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-element/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<script>
+	let tag = $state('hr');
+</script>
+
+<svelte:element this={tag}>
+	This text cannot appear inside an hr element
+</svelte:element>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-fragment/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-fragment/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..eb80023626
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-fragment/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+<script lang="ts">
+	import Widget from './Widget.svelte';
+</script>
+
+<Widget>
+	<h1 slot="header">Hello</h1>
+	<svelte:fragment slot="footer">
+		<p>All rights reserved.</p>
+		<p>Copyright (c) 2019 Svelte Industries</p>
+	</svelte:fragment>
+</Widget>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-fragment/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-fragment/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..eb80023626
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-fragment/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+<script lang="ts">
+	import Widget from './Widget.svelte';
+</script>
+
+<Widget>
+	<h1 slot="header">Hello</h1>
+	<svelte:fragment slot="footer">
+		<p>All rights reserved.</p>
+		<p>Copyright (c) 2019 Svelte Industries</p>
+	</svelte:fragment>
+</Widget>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-head/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-head/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0a08871aba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-head/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+<svelte:head>
+	<title>Hello world!</title>
+	<meta name="description" content="This is where the description goes for SEO" />
+</svelte:head>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-head/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-head/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..68d352260e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-head/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<svelte:head>
+	<title>Hello world!</title>
+	<meta
+		name="description"
+		content="This is where the description goes for SEO"
+	/>
+</svelte:head>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-options/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-options/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..70e2dda5c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-options/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<svelte:options runes={true} namespace="html" css="injected" customElement="my-custom-element" />
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-options/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-options/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..70e2dda5c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-options/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<svelte:options runes={true} namespace="html" css="injected" customElement="my-custom-element" />
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-self/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-self/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7711defef1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-self/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<script>
+	export let count;
+</script>
+
+{#if count > 0}
+	<p>counting down... {count}</p>
+	<svelte:self count={count - 1} />
+{:else}
+	<p>lift-off!</p>
+{/if}
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-self/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-self/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..15031a39fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-self/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<script>
+	export let count;
+</script>
+
+{#if count > 0}
+	<p>counting down... {count}</p>
+	<svelte:self count={count - 1}></svelte:self>
+{:else}
+	<p>lift-off!</p>
+{/if}
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-window/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-window/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..054e584e19
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-window/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<script>
+	function handleKeydown(event) {
+		alert(`pressed the ${event.key} key`);
+	}
+</script>
+
+<svelte:window onkeydown={handleKeydown} />
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-window/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-window/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..03997acab1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/svelte-window/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<script>
+	function handleKeydown(event) {
+		alert(`pressed the ${event.key} key`);
+	}
+</script>
+
+<svelte:window onkeydown={handleKeydown}></svelte:window>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/text/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/text/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a04fa3c48c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/text/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<p>Hello world</p>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/text/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/text/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a04fa3c48c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/text/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<p>Hello world</p>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/transition-directive/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/transition-directive/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7fd08df6ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/transition-directive/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+<script>
+	import { fade } from 'svelte/transition';
+
+	let visible = $state(false);
+</script>
+
+<button onclick={() => visible = !visible}>toggle</button>
+
+{#if visible}
+	<div transition:fade>fades in and out</div>
+{/if}
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/transition-directive/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/transition-directive/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7fd08df6ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/transition-directive/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+<script>
+	import { fade } from 'svelte/transition';
+
+	let visible = $state(false);
+</script>
+
+<button onclick={() => visible = !visible}>toggle</button>
+
+{#if visible}
+	<div transition:fade>fades in and out</div>
+{/if}
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/use-directive/input.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/use-directive/input.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3b9f5562fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/use-directive/input.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+<script lang="ts">
+	import type { Action } from 'svelte/action';
+
+	const myaction: Action = (node, data) => {
+		// ...
+	};
+</script>
+
+<div use:myaction={data}>...</div>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/use-directive/output.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/use-directive/output.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3b9f5562fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/samples/use-directive/output.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+<script lang="ts">
+	import type { Action } from 'svelte/action';
+
+	const myaction: Action = (node, data) => {
+		// ...
+	};
+</script>
+
+<div use:myaction={data}>...</div>
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/print/test.ts b/packages/svelte/tests/print/test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aa007a7a54
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/print/test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+import * as fs from 'node:fs';
+import { assert } from 'vitest';
+import { parse, print } from 'svelte/compiler';
+import { suite, type BaseTest } from '../suite.js';
+
+interface PrintTest extends BaseTest {}
+
+const { test, run } = suite<PrintTest>(async (config, cwd) => {
+	const input = fs.readFileSync(`${cwd}/input.svelte`, 'utf-8');
+
+	const ast = parse(input, { modern: true });
+	const output = print(ast);
+	const outputCode = output.code.endsWith('\n') ? output.code : output.code + '\n';
+
+	// run `UPDATE_SNAPSHOTS=true pnpm test print` to update print tests
+	if (process.env.UPDATE_SNAPSHOTS) {
+		fs.writeFileSync(`${cwd}/output.svelte`, outputCode);
+	} else {
+		fs.writeFileSync(`${cwd}/_actual.svelte`, outputCode);
+
+		const file = `${cwd}/output.svelte`;
+
+		const expected = fs.existsSync(file) ? fs.readFileSync(file, 'utf-8') : '';
+		assert.deepEqual(outputCode.trim().replaceAll('\r', ''), expected.trim().replaceAll('\r', ''));
+	}
+});
+
+export { test };
+
+await run(__dirname);
diff --git a/packages/svelte/types/index.d.ts b/packages/svelte/types/index.d.ts
index f0200d09fe..8561268689 100644
--- a/packages/svelte/types/index.d.ts
+++ b/packages/svelte/types/index.d.ts
@@ -844,6 +844,7 @@ declare module 'svelte/compiler' {
 	import type { SourceMap } from 'magic-string';
 	import type { ArrayExpression, ArrowFunctionExpression, VariableDeclaration, VariableDeclarator, Expression, Identifier, MemberExpression, Node, ObjectExpression, Pattern, Program, ChainExpression, SimpleCallExpression, SequenceExpression } from 'estree';
 	import type { Location } from 'locate-character';
+	import type { default as ts } from 'esrap/languages/ts';
 	/**
 	 * `compile` converts your `.svelte` source code into a JavaScript module that exports a component
 	 *
@@ -1390,7 +1391,7 @@ declare module 'svelte/compiler' {
 			expression: null | Expression;
 		}
 
-		interface BaseElement extends BaseNode {
+		export interface BaseElement extends BaseNode {
 			name: string;
 			attributes: Array<Attribute | SpreadAttribute | Directive | AttachTag>;
 			fragment: Fragment;
@@ -1616,6 +1617,18 @@ declare module 'svelte/compiler' {
 	export function preprocess(source: string, preprocessor: PreprocessorGroup | PreprocessorGroup[], options?: {
 		filename?: string;
 	} | undefined): Promise<Processed>;
+	/**
+	 * `print` converts a Svelte AST node back into Svelte source code.
+	 * It is primarily intended for tools that parse and transform components using the compiler’s modern AST representation.
+	 *
+	 * `print(ast)` requires an AST node produced by parse with modern: true, or any sub-node within that modern AST.
+	 * The result contains the generated source and a corresponding source map.
+	 * The output is valid Svelte, but formatting details such as whitespace or quoting may differ from the original.
+	 * */
+	export function print(ast: AST.SvelteNode, options?: Options | undefined): {
+		code: string;
+		map: any;
+	};
 	/**
 	 * The current version, as set in package.json.
 	 * */
@@ -1799,6 +1812,10 @@ declare module 'svelte/compiler' {
 			| SimpleSelector
 			| Declaration;
 	}
+	type Options = {
+		getLeadingComments?: NonNullable<Parameters<typeof ts>[0]>['getLeadingComments'] | undefined;
+		getTrailingComments?: NonNullable<Parameters<typeof ts>[0]>['getTrailingComments'] | undefined;
+	};
 
 	export {};
 }
diff --git a/playgrounds/sandbox/run.js b/playgrounds/sandbox/run.js
index 7ff9f7c4cd..35bffb67a2 100644
--- a/playgrounds/sandbox/run.js
+++ b/playgrounds/sandbox/run.js
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import * as path from 'node:path';
 import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url';
 import { parseArgs } from 'node:util';
 import { globSync } from 'tinyglobby';
-import { compile, compileModule, parse, migrate } from 'svelte/compiler';
+import { compile, compileModule, parse, print, migrate } from 'svelte/compiler';
 
 // toggle these to change what gets written to sandbox/output
 const AST = false;
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ const MIGRATE = false;
 const FROM_HTML = true;
 const FROM_TREE = false;
 const DEV = false;
+const PRINT = false;
 
 const argv = parseArgs({ options: { runes: { type: 'boolean' } }, args: process.argv.slice(2) });
 
@@ -71,6 +72,11 @@ for (const generate of /** @type {const} */ (['client', 'server'])) {
 						'\t'
 					)
 				);
+
+				if (PRINT) {
+					const printed = print(ast);
+					write(`${cwd}/output/printed/${file}`, printed.code);
+				}
 			}
 
 			if (MIGRATE) {
diff --git a/pnpm-lock.yaml b/pnpm-lock.yaml
index 0b1f57213d..bdb120600b 100644
--- a/pnpm-lock.yaml
+++ b/pnpm-lock.yaml
@@ -96,8 +96,8 @@ importers:
         specifier: ^1.2.1
         version: 1.2.1
       esrap:
-        specifier: ^2.1.0
-        version: 2.1.0
+        specifier: ^2.2.0
+        version: 2.2.0
       is-reference:
         specifier: ^3.0.3
         version: 3.0.3
@@ -1178,8 +1178,8 @@ packages:
       eslint: ^8.57.0 || ^9.0.0
       typescript: '>=4.8.4 <5.9.0'
 
-  '@typescript-eslint/project-service@8.46.2':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-PULOLZ9iqwI7hXcmL4fVfIsBi6AN9YxRc0frbvmg8f+4hQAjQ5GYNKK0DIArNo+rOKmR/iBYwkpBmnIwin4wBg==}
+  '@typescript-eslint/project-service@8.48.0':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-Ne4CTZyRh1BecBf84siv42wv5vQvVmgtk8AuiEffKTUo3DrBaGYZueJSxxBZ8fjk/N3DrgChH4TOdIOwOwiqqw==}
     engines: {node: ^18.18.0 || ^20.9.0 || >=21.1.0}
     peerDependencies:
       typescript: '>=4.8.4 <6.0.0'
@@ -1188,12 +1188,12 @@ packages:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-E0ntLvsfPqnPwng8b8y4OGuzh/iIOm2z8U3S9zic2TeMLW61u5IH2Q1wu0oSTkfrSzwbDJIB/Lm8O3//8BWMPA==}
     engines: {node: ^18.18.0 || ^20.9.0 || >=21.1.0}
 
-  '@typescript-eslint/scope-manager@8.46.2':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-LF4b/NmGvdWEHD2H4MsHD8ny6JpiVNDzrSZr3CsckEgCbAGZbYM4Cqxvi9L+WqDMT+51Ozy7lt2M+d0JLEuBqA==}
+  '@typescript-eslint/scope-manager@8.48.0':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-uGSSsbrtJrLduti0Q1Q9+BF1/iFKaxGoQwjWOIVNJv0o6omrdyR8ct37m4xIl5Zzpkp69Kkmvom7QFTtue89YQ==}
     engines: {node: ^18.18.0 || ^20.9.0 || >=21.1.0}
 
-  '@typescript-eslint/tsconfig-utils@8.46.2':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-a7QH6fw4S57+F5y2FIxxSDyi5M4UfGF+Jl1bCGd7+L4KsaUY80GsiF/t0UoRFDHAguKlBaACWJRmdrc6Xfkkag==}
+  '@typescript-eslint/tsconfig-utils@8.48.0':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-WNebjBdFdyu10sR1M4OXTt2OkMd5KWIL+LLfeH9KhgP+jzfDV/LI3eXzwJ1s9+Yc0Kzo2fQCdY/OpdusCMmh6w==}
     engines: {node: ^18.18.0 || ^20.9.0 || >=21.1.0}
     peerDependencies:
       typescript: '>=4.8.4 <6.0.0'
@@ -1209,8 +1209,8 @@ packages:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-89B1eP3tnpr9A8L6PZlSjBvnJhWXtYfZhECqlBl1D9Lme9mHO6iWlsprBtVenQvY1HMhax1mWOjhtL3fh/u+pA==}
     engines: {node: ^18.18.0 || ^20.9.0 || >=21.1.0}
 
-  '@typescript-eslint/types@8.46.2':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-lNCWCbq7rpg7qDsQrd3D6NyWYu+gkTENkG5IKYhUIcxSb59SQC/hEQ+MrG4sTgBVghTonNWq42bA/d4yYumldQ==}
+  '@typescript-eslint/types@8.48.0':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-cQMcGQQH7kwKoVswD1xdOytxQR60MWKM1di26xSUtxehaDs/32Zpqsu5WJlXTtTTqyAVK8R7hvsUnIXRS+bjvA==}
     engines: {node: ^18.18.0 || ^20.9.0 || >=21.1.0}
 
   '@typescript-eslint/typescript-estree@8.26.0':
@@ -1219,8 +1219,8 @@ packages:
     peerDependencies:
       typescript: '>=4.8.4 <5.9.0'
 
-  '@typescript-eslint/typescript-estree@8.46.2':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-f7rW7LJ2b7Uh2EiQ+7sza6RDZnajbNbemn54Ob6fRwQbgcIn+GWfyuHDHRYgRoZu1P4AayVScrRW+YfbTvPQoQ==}
+  '@typescript-eslint/typescript-estree@8.48.0':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-ljHab1CSO4rGrQIAyizUS6UGHHCiAYhbfcIZ1zVJr5nMryxlXMVWS3duFPSKvSUbFPwkXMFk1k0EMIjub4sRRQ==}
     engines: {node: ^18.18.0 || ^20.9.0 || >=21.1.0}
     peerDependencies:
       typescript: '>=4.8.4 <6.0.0'
@@ -1232,8 +1232,8 @@ packages:
       eslint: ^8.57.0 || ^9.0.0
       typescript: '>=4.8.4 <5.9.0'
 
-  '@typescript-eslint/utils@8.46.2':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-sExxzucx0Tud5tE0XqR0lT0psBQvEpnpiul9XbGUB1QwpWJJAps1O/Z7hJxLGiZLBKMCutjTzDgmd1muEhBnVg==}
+  '@typescript-eslint/utils@8.48.0':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-yTJO1XuGxCsSfIVt1+1UrLHtue8xz16V8apzPYI06W0HbEbEWHxHXgZaAgavIkoh+GeV6hKKd5jm0sS6OYxWXQ==}
     engines: {node: ^18.18.0 || ^20.9.0 || >=21.1.0}
     peerDependencies:
       eslint: ^8.57.0 || ^9.0.0
@@ -1243,8 +1243,8 @@ packages:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-2z8JQJWAzPdDd51dRQ/oqIJxe99/hoLIqmf8RMCAJQtYDc535W/Jt2+RTP4bP0aKeBG1F65yjIZuczOXCmbWwg==}
     engines: {node: ^18.18.0 || ^20.9.0 || >=21.1.0}
 
-  '@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys@8.46.2':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-tUFMXI4gxzzMXt4xpGJEsBsTox0XbNQ1y94EwlD/CuZwFcQP79xfQqMhau9HsRc/J0cAPA/HZt1dZPtGn9V/7w==}
+  '@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys@8.48.0':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-T0XJMaRPOH3+LBbAfzR2jalckP1MSG/L9eUtY0DEzUyVaXJ/t6zN0nR7co5kz0Jko/nkSYCBRkz1djvjajVTTg==}
     engines: {node: ^18.18.0 || ^20.9.0 || >=21.1.0}
 
   '@vitest/coverage-v8@2.1.9':
@@ -1660,8 +1660,8 @@ packages:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-YQLXUplAwJgCydQ78IMJywZCceoqk1oH01OERdSAJc/7U2AylwjhSCLDEtqwg811idIS/9fIU5GjG73IgjKMVg==}
     engines: {node: '>=0.10'}
 
-  esrap@2.1.0:
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-yzmPNpl7TBbMRC5Lj2JlJZNPml0tzqoqP5B1JXycNUwtqma9AKCO0M2wHrdgsHcy1WRW7S9rJknAMtByg3usgA==}
+  esrap@2.2.0:
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-WBmtxe7R9C5mvL4n2le8nMUe4mD5V9oiK2vJpQ9I3y20ENPUomPcphBXE8D1x/Bm84oN1V+lOfgXxtqmxTp3Xg==}
 
   esrecurse@4.3.0:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-KmfKL3b6G+RXvP8N1vr3Tq1kL/oCFgn2NYXEtqP8/L3pKapUA4G8cFVaoF3SU323CD4XypR/ffioHmkti6/Tag==}
@@ -3648,10 +3648,10 @@ snapshots:
     transitivePeerDependencies:
       - supports-color
 
-  '@typescript-eslint/project-service@8.46.2(typescript@5.5.4)':
+  '@typescript-eslint/project-service@8.48.0(typescript@5.5.4)':
     dependencies:
-      '@typescript-eslint/tsconfig-utils': 8.46.2(typescript@5.5.4)
-      '@typescript-eslint/types': 8.46.2
+      '@typescript-eslint/tsconfig-utils': 8.48.0(typescript@5.5.4)
+      '@typescript-eslint/types': 8.48.0
       debug: 4.4.3
       typescript: 5.5.4
     transitivePeerDependencies:
@@ -3662,12 +3662,12 @@ snapshots:
       '@typescript-eslint/types': 8.26.0
       '@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys': 8.26.0
 
-  '@typescript-eslint/scope-manager@8.46.2':
+  '@typescript-eslint/scope-manager@8.48.0':
     dependencies:
-      '@typescript-eslint/types': 8.46.2
-      '@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys': 8.46.2
+      '@typescript-eslint/types': 8.48.0
+      '@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys': 8.48.0
 
-  '@typescript-eslint/tsconfig-utils@8.46.2(typescript@5.5.4)':
+  '@typescript-eslint/tsconfig-utils@8.48.0(typescript@5.5.4)':
     dependencies:
       typescript: 5.5.4
 
@@ -3684,7 +3684,7 @@ snapshots:
 
   '@typescript-eslint/types@8.26.0': {}
 
-  '@typescript-eslint/types@8.46.2': {}
+  '@typescript-eslint/types@8.48.0': {}
 
   '@typescript-eslint/typescript-estree@8.26.0(typescript@5.5.4)':
     dependencies:
@@ -3700,17 +3700,16 @@ snapshots:
     transitivePeerDependencies:
       - supports-color
 
-  '@typescript-eslint/typescript-estree@8.46.2(typescript@5.5.4)':
+  '@typescript-eslint/typescript-estree@8.48.0(typescript@5.5.4)':
     dependencies:
-      '@typescript-eslint/project-service': 8.46.2(typescript@5.5.4)
-      '@typescript-eslint/tsconfig-utils': 8.46.2(typescript@5.5.4)
-      '@typescript-eslint/types': 8.46.2
-      '@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys': 8.46.2
+      '@typescript-eslint/project-service': 8.48.0(typescript@5.5.4)
+      '@typescript-eslint/tsconfig-utils': 8.48.0(typescript@5.5.4)
+      '@typescript-eslint/types': 8.48.0
+      '@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys': 8.48.0
       debug: 4.4.3
-      fast-glob: 3.3.3
-      is-glob: 4.0.3
       minimatch: 9.0.5
       semver: 7.7.3
+      tinyglobby: 0.2.15
       ts-api-utils: 2.1.0(typescript@5.5.4)
       typescript: 5.5.4
     transitivePeerDependencies:
@@ -3727,12 +3726,12 @@ snapshots:
     transitivePeerDependencies:
       - supports-color
 
-  '@typescript-eslint/utils@8.46.2(eslint@9.9.1)(typescript@5.5.4)':
+  '@typescript-eslint/utils@8.48.0(eslint@9.9.1)(typescript@5.5.4)':
     dependencies:
       '@eslint-community/eslint-utils': 4.9.0(eslint@9.9.1)
-      '@typescript-eslint/scope-manager': 8.46.2
-      '@typescript-eslint/types': 8.46.2
-      '@typescript-eslint/typescript-estree': 8.46.2(typescript@5.5.4)
+      '@typescript-eslint/scope-manager': 8.48.0
+      '@typescript-eslint/types': 8.48.0
+      '@typescript-eslint/typescript-estree': 8.48.0(typescript@5.5.4)
       eslint: 9.9.1
       typescript: 5.5.4
     transitivePeerDependencies:
@@ -3743,9 +3742,9 @@ snapshots:
       '@typescript-eslint/types': 8.26.0
       eslint-visitor-keys: 4.2.1
 
-  '@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys@8.46.2':
+  '@typescript-eslint/visitor-keys@8.48.0':
     dependencies:
-      '@typescript-eslint/types': 8.46.2
+      '@typescript-eslint/types': 8.48.0
       eslint-visitor-keys: 4.2.1
 
   '@vitest/coverage-v8@2.1.9(vitest@2.1.9(@types/node@20.19.17)(jsdom@25.0.1)(lightningcss@1.23.0)(sass@1.70.0)(terser@5.27.0))':
@@ -4145,7 +4144,7 @@ snapshots:
   eslint-plugin-n@17.16.1(eslint@9.9.1)(typescript@5.5.4):
     dependencies:
       '@eslint-community/eslint-utils': 4.9.0(eslint@9.9.1)
-      '@typescript-eslint/utils': 8.46.2(eslint@9.9.1)(typescript@5.5.4)
+      '@typescript-eslint/utils': 8.48.0(eslint@9.9.1)(typescript@5.5.4)
       enhanced-resolve: 5.18.3
       eslint: 9.9.1
       eslint-plugin-es-x: 7.8.0(eslint@9.9.1)
@@ -4245,7 +4244,7 @@ snapshots:
     dependencies:
       estraverse: 5.3.0
 
-  esrap@2.1.0:
+  esrap@2.2.0:
     dependencies:
       '@jridgewell/sourcemap-codec': 1.5.0