diff --git a/.changeset/red-tools-eat.md b/.changeset/red-tools-eat.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..58d8c9b30c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/red-tools-eat.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'svelte': patch
+---
+
+fix: don't re-`attach` the same function to the same element
diff --git a/packages/svelte/src/internal/client/dom/elements/attributes.js b/packages/svelte/src/internal/client/dom/elements/attributes.js
index fcce0b444f..e93525e786 100644
--- a/packages/svelte/src/internal/client/dom/elements/attributes.js
+++ b/packages/svelte/src/internal/client/dom/elements/attributes.js
@@ -490,19 +490,39 @@ export function attribute_effect(
 			select_option(/** @type {HTMLSelectElement} */ (element), next.value, false);
 		}
 
-		for (let symbol of Object.getOwnPropertySymbols(effects)) {
-			if (!next[symbol]) destroy_effect(effects[symbol]);
-		}
-
 		for (let symbol of Object.getOwnPropertySymbols(next)) {
 			var n = next[symbol];
 
-			if (symbol.description === ATTACHMENT_KEY && (!prev || n !== prev[symbol])) {
+			// we check if the same function is already attached to the element
+			var prev_fn_attached_symbol =
+				prev &&
+				Object.getOwnPropertySymbols(prev).find(
+					(s) => /** @type {NonNullable<typeof prev>} */ (prev)[s] === n
+				);
+
+			// we only re-attach if the symbol is the ATTACHMENT_KEY
+			// the function is different from the previous one
+			// and the previous function is not attached to the element already
+			if (
+				symbol.description === ATTACHMENT_KEY &&
+				(!prev || n !== prev[symbol]) &&
+				!prev_fn_attached_symbol
+			) {
 				if (effects[symbol]) destroy_effect(effects[symbol]);
 				effects[symbol] = branch(() => attach(element, () => n));
+			} else if (prev_fn_attached_symbol) {
+				// but if the previous function is attached to the element,
+				// we need to store the old effect in the effects map at `symbol`
+				// and delete the previous so it's not destroyed
+				effects[symbol] = prev?.[prev_fn_attached_symbol];
+				delete effects[prev_fn_attached_symbol];
 			}
 		}
 
+		for (let symbol of Object.getOwnPropertySymbols(effects)) {
+			if (!next[symbol]) destroy_effect(effects[symbol]);
+		}
+
 		prev = next;
 	});
 
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/runtime-runes/samples/attachment-same-fn/_config.js b/packages/svelte/tests/runtime-runes/samples/attachment-same-fn/_config.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..450dbd935c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/runtime-runes/samples/attachment-same-fn/_config.js
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import { flushSync } from 'svelte';
+import { test } from '../../test';
+
+export default test({
+	test({ assert, target, logs }) {
+		const p = target.querySelector('p');
+		const btn = target.querySelector('button');
+
+		assert.deepEqual(logs, ['up']);
+		assert.equal(p?.dataset.count, '0');
+
+		flushSync(() => {
+			btn?.click();
+		});
+
+		assert.deepEqual(logs, ['up']);
+		assert.equal(p?.dataset.count, '1');
+	}
+});
diff --git a/packages/svelte/tests/runtime-runes/samples/attachment-same-fn/main.svelte b/packages/svelte/tests/runtime-runes/samples/attachment-same-fn/main.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cfd9c403a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/svelte/tests/runtime-runes/samples/attachment-same-fn/main.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+<script>
+	import { createAttachmentKey } from "svelte/attachments";
+
+	let count = $state(0);
+
+	const attachment = () => {
+			console.log("up");
+			return () => {
+				console.log("down");
+			}
+		}
+	
+	const props = $derived({
+		'data-count': count,
+		[createAttachmentKey()]: attachment
+	});
+</script>
+
+<p {...props}></p>
+
+<button onclick={() => count++}>{count}</button>
\ No newline at end of file