diff --git a/c/qrcodegen.c b/c/qrcodegen.c
index fceae70..112e974 100644
--- a/c/qrcodegen.c
+++ b/c/qrcodegen.c
@@ -437,25 +437,24 @@ static void drawFormatBits(enum qrcodegen_Ecc ecl, enum qrcodegen_Mask mask, uin
 	int rem = data;
 	for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
 		rem = (rem << 1) ^ ((rem >> 9) * 0x537);
-	data = data << 10 | rem;
-	data ^= 0x5412;  // uint15
-	assert(data >> 15 == 0);
+	int bits = (data << 10 | rem) ^ 0x5412;  // uint15
+	assert(bits >> 15 == 0);
 	
 	// Draw first copy
 	for (int i = 0; i <= 5; i++)
-		setModule(qrcode, 8, i, getBit(data, i));
-	setModule(qrcode, 8, 7, getBit(data, 6));
-	setModule(qrcode, 8, 8, getBit(data, 7));
-	setModule(qrcode, 7, 8, getBit(data, 8));
+		setModule(qrcode, 8, i, getBit(bits, i));
+	setModule(qrcode, 8, 7, getBit(bits, 6));
+	setModule(qrcode, 8, 8, getBit(bits, 7));
+	setModule(qrcode, 7, 8, getBit(bits, 8));
 	for (int i = 9; i < 15; i++)
-		setModule(qrcode, 14 - i, 8, getBit(data, i));
+		setModule(qrcode, 14 - i, 8, getBit(bits, i));
 	
 	// Draw second copy
 	int qrsize = qrcodegen_getSize(qrcode);
 	for (int i = 0; i <= 7; i++)
-		setModule(qrcode, qrsize - 1 - i, 8, getBit(data, i));
+		setModule(qrcode, qrsize - 1 - i, 8, getBit(bits, i));
 	for (int i = 8; i < 15; i++)
-		setModule(qrcode, 8, qrsize - 15 + i, getBit(data, i));
+		setModule(qrcode, 8, qrsize - 15 + i, getBit(bits, i));
 	setModule(qrcode, 8, qrsize - 8, true);  // Always black
 }
 
diff --git a/cpp/QrCode.cpp b/cpp/QrCode.cpp
index 369529c..668bdb9 100644
--- a/cpp/QrCode.cpp
+++ b/cpp/QrCode.cpp
@@ -222,25 +222,24 @@ void QrCode::drawFormatBits(int mask) {
 	int rem = data;
 	for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
 		rem = (rem << 1) ^ ((rem >> 9) * 0x537);
-	data = data << 10 | rem;
-	data ^= 0x5412;  // uint15
-	if (data >> 15 != 0)
+	int bits = (data << 10 | rem) ^ 0x5412;  // uint15
+	if (bits >> 15 != 0)
 		throw std::logic_error("Assertion error");
 	
 	// Draw first copy
 	for (int i = 0; i <= 5; i++)
-		setFunctionModule(8, i, getBit(data, i));
-	setFunctionModule(8, 7, getBit(data, 6));
-	setFunctionModule(8, 8, getBit(data, 7));
-	setFunctionModule(7, 8, getBit(data, 8));
+		setFunctionModule(8, i, getBit(bits, i));
+	setFunctionModule(8, 7, getBit(bits, 6));
+	setFunctionModule(8, 8, getBit(bits, 7));
+	setFunctionModule(7, 8, getBit(bits, 8));
 	for (int i = 9; i < 15; i++)
-		setFunctionModule(14 - i, 8, getBit(data, i));
+		setFunctionModule(14 - i, 8, getBit(bits, i));
 	
 	// Draw second copy
 	for (int i = 0; i <= 7; i++)
-		setFunctionModule(size - 1 - i, 8, getBit(data, i));
+		setFunctionModule(size - 1 - i, 8, getBit(bits, i));
 	for (int i = 8; i < 15; i++)
-		setFunctionModule(8, size - 15 + i, getBit(data, i));
+		setFunctionModule(8, size - 15 + i, getBit(bits, i));
 	setFunctionModule(8, size - 8, true);  // Always black
 }
 
diff --git a/java/io/nayuki/qrcodegen/QrCode.java b/java/io/nayuki/qrcodegen/QrCode.java
index 7d62e0a..8a551b1 100644
--- a/java/io/nayuki/qrcodegen/QrCode.java
+++ b/java/io/nayuki/qrcodegen/QrCode.java
@@ -351,24 +351,23 @@ public final class QrCode {
 		int rem = data;
 		for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
 			rem = (rem << 1) ^ ((rem >>> 9) * 0x537);
-		data = data << 10 | rem;
-		data ^= 0x5412;  // uint15
-		assert data >>> 15 == 0;
+		int bits = (data << 10 | rem) ^ 0x5412;  // uint15
+		assert bits >>> 15 == 0;
 		
 		// Draw first copy
 		for (int i = 0; i <= 5; i++)
-			setFunctionModule(8, i, getBit(data, i));
-		setFunctionModule(8, 7, getBit(data, 6));
-		setFunctionModule(8, 8, getBit(data, 7));
-		setFunctionModule(7, 8, getBit(data, 8));
+			setFunctionModule(8, i, getBit(bits, i));
+		setFunctionModule(8, 7, getBit(bits, 6));
+		setFunctionModule(8, 8, getBit(bits, 7));
+		setFunctionModule(7, 8, getBit(bits, 8));
 		for (int i = 9; i < 15; i++)
-			setFunctionModule(14 - i, 8, getBit(data, i));
+			setFunctionModule(14 - i, 8, getBit(bits, i));
 		
 		// Draw second copy
 		for (int i = 0; i <= 7; i++)
-			setFunctionModule(size - 1 - i, 8, getBit(data, i));
+			setFunctionModule(size - 1 - i, 8, getBit(bits, i));
 		for (int i = 8; i < 15; i++)
-			setFunctionModule(8, size - 15 + i, getBit(data, i));
+			setFunctionModule(8, size - 15 + i, getBit(bits, i));
 		setFunctionModule(8, size - 8, true);  // Always black
 	}
 	
diff --git a/javascript/qrcodegen.js b/javascript/qrcodegen.js
index 603a41c..36a0384 100644
--- a/javascript/qrcodegen.js
+++ b/javascript/qrcodegen.js
@@ -227,25 +227,24 @@ var qrcodegen = new function() {
 			var rem = data;
 			for (var i = 0; i < 10; i++)
 				rem = (rem << 1) ^ ((rem >>> 9) * 0x537);
-			data = data << 10 | rem;
-			data ^= 0x5412;  // uint15
-			if (data >>> 15 != 0)
+			var bits = (data << 10 | rem) ^ 0x5412;  // uint15
+			if (bits >>> 15 != 0)
 				throw "Assertion error";
 			
 			// Draw first copy
 			for (var i = 0; i <= 5; i++)
-				setFunctionModule(8, i, getBit(data, i));
-			setFunctionModule(8, 7, getBit(data, 6));
-			setFunctionModule(8, 8, getBit(data, 7));
-			setFunctionModule(7, 8, getBit(data, 8));
+				setFunctionModule(8, i, getBit(bits, i));
+			setFunctionModule(8, 7, getBit(bits, 6));
+			setFunctionModule(8, 8, getBit(bits, 7));
+			setFunctionModule(7, 8, getBit(bits, 8));
 			for (var i = 9; i < 15; i++)
-				setFunctionModule(14 - i, 8, getBit(data, i));
+				setFunctionModule(14 - i, 8, getBit(bits, i));
 			
 			// Draw second copy
 			for (var i = 0; i <= 7; i++)
-				setFunctionModule(size - 1 - i, 8, getBit(data, i));
+				setFunctionModule(size - 1 - i, 8, getBit(bits, i));
 			for (var i = 8; i < 15; i++)
-				setFunctionModule(8, size - 15 + i, getBit(data, i));
+				setFunctionModule(8, size - 15 + i, getBit(bits, i));
 			setFunctionModule(8, size - 8, true);  // Always black
 		}
 		
diff --git a/python/qrcodegen.py b/python/qrcodegen.py
index 2e19aed..8f0fbdb 100644
--- a/python/qrcodegen.py
+++ b/python/qrcodegen.py
@@ -274,24 +274,23 @@ class QrCode(object):
 		rem = data
 		for _ in range(10):
 			rem = (rem << 1) ^ ((rem >> 9) * 0x537)
-		data = data << 10 | rem
-		data ^= 0x5412  # uint15
-		assert data >> 15 == 0
+		bits = (data << 10 | rem) ^ 0x5412  # uint15
+		assert bits >> 15 == 0
 		
 		# Draw first copy
 		for i in range(0, 6):
-			self._set_function_module(8, i, _get_bit(data, i))
-		self._set_function_module(8, 7, _get_bit(data, 6))
-		self._set_function_module(8, 8, _get_bit(data, 7))
-		self._set_function_module(7, 8, _get_bit(data, 8))
+			self._set_function_module(8, i, _get_bit(bits, i))
+		self._set_function_module(8, 7, _get_bit(bits, 6))
+		self._set_function_module(8, 8, _get_bit(bits, 7))
+		self._set_function_module(7, 8, _get_bit(bits, 8))
 		for i in range(9, 15):
-			self._set_function_module(14 - i, 8, _get_bit(data, i))
+			self._set_function_module(14 - i, 8, _get_bit(bits, i))
 		
 		# Draw second copy
 		for i in range(0, 8):
-			self._set_function_module(self._size - 1 - i, 8, _get_bit(data, i))
+			self._set_function_module(self._size - 1 - i, 8, _get_bit(bits, i))
 		for i in range(8, 15):
-			self._set_function_module(8, self._size - 15 + i, _get_bit(data, i))
+			self._set_function_module(8, self._size - 15 + i, _get_bit(bits, i))
 		self._set_function_module(8, self._size - 8, True)  # Always black
 	
 	
diff --git a/rust/src/lib.rs b/rust/src/lib.rs
index 8fe722c..dbeec47 100644
--- a/rust/src/lib.rs
+++ b/rust/src/lib.rs
@@ -313,27 +313,26 @@ impl QrCode {
 		for _ in 0 .. 10 {
 			rem = (rem << 1) ^ ((rem >> 9) * 0x537);
 		}
-		data = data << 10 | rem;
-		data ^= 0x5412;  // uint15
-		assert_eq!(data >> 15, 0, "Assertion error");
+		let bits: u32 = (data << 10 | rem) ^ 0x5412;  // uint15
+		assert_eq!(bits >> 15, 0, "Assertion error");
 		
 		// Draw first copy
 		for i in 0 .. 6 {
-			self.set_function_module(8, i, get_bit(data, i));
+			self.set_function_module(8, i, get_bit(bits, i));
 		}
-		self.set_function_module(8, 7, get_bit(data, 6));
-		self.set_function_module(8, 8, get_bit(data, 7));
-		self.set_function_module(7, 8, get_bit(data, 8));
+		self.set_function_module(8, 7, get_bit(bits, 6));
+		self.set_function_module(8, 8, get_bit(bits, 7));
+		self.set_function_module(7, 8, get_bit(bits, 8));
 		for i in 9 .. 15 {
-			self.set_function_module(14 - i, 8, get_bit(data, i));
+			self.set_function_module(14 - i, 8, get_bit(bits, i));
 		}
 		
 		// Draw second copy
 		for i in 0 .. 8 {
-			self.set_function_module(size - 1 - i, 8, get_bit(data, i));
+			self.set_function_module(size - 1 - i, 8, get_bit(bits, i));
 		}
 		for i in 8 .. 15 {
-			self.set_function_module(8, size - 15 + i, get_bit(data, i));
+			self.set_function_module(8, size - 15 + i, get_bit(bits, i));
 		}
 		self.set_function_module(8, size - 8, true);  // Always black
 	}
diff --git a/typescript/qrcodegen.ts b/typescript/qrcodegen.ts
index bd0fd10..0101a46 100644
--- a/typescript/qrcodegen.ts
+++ b/typescript/qrcodegen.ts
@@ -290,25 +290,24 @@ namespace qrcodegen {
 			let rem: int = data;
 			for (let i = 0; i < 10; i++)
 				rem = (rem << 1) ^ ((rem >>> 9) * 0x537);
-			data = data << 10 | rem;
-			data ^= 0x5412;  // uint15
-			if (data >>> 15 != 0)
+			let bits = (data << 10 | rem) ^ 0x5412;  // uint15
+			if (bits >>> 15 != 0)
 				throw "Assertion error";
 			
 			// Draw first copy
 			for (let i = 0; i <= 5; i++)
-				this.setFunctionModule(8, i, getBit(data, i));
-			this.setFunctionModule(8, 7, getBit(data, 6));
-			this.setFunctionModule(8, 8, getBit(data, 7));
-			this.setFunctionModule(7, 8, getBit(data, 8));
+				this.setFunctionModule(8, i, getBit(bits, i));
+			this.setFunctionModule(8, 7, getBit(bits, 6));
+			this.setFunctionModule(8, 8, getBit(bits, 7));
+			this.setFunctionModule(7, 8, getBit(bits, 8));
 			for (let i = 9; i < 15; i++)
-				this.setFunctionModule(14 - i, 8, getBit(data, i));
+				this.setFunctionModule(14 - i, 8, getBit(bits, i));
 			
 			// Draw second copy
 			for (let i = 0; i <= 7; i++)
-				this.setFunctionModule(this.size - 1 - i, 8, getBit(data, i));
+				this.setFunctionModule(this.size - 1 - i, 8, getBit(bits, i));
 			for (let i = 8; i < 15; i++)
-				this.setFunctionModule(8, this.size - 15 + i, getBit(data, i));
+				this.setFunctionModule(8, this.size - 15 + i, getBit(bits, i));
 			this.setFunctionModule(8, this.size - 8, true);  // Always black
 		}