diff --git a/paddlespeech/audio/backends/sox_io_backend.py b/paddlespeech/audio/backends/sox_io_backend.py
index c75894181..beb6ddb9d 100644
--- a/paddlespeech/audio/backends/sox_io_backend.py
+++ b/paddlespeech/audio/backends/sox_io_backend.py
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Callable
-from typing import Optional
-from typing import Tuple
-from typing import Union
+from typing import Optional, Tuple, Union
 
+import paddle
 from paddle import Tensor
 from .common import AudioMetaData
+import os
 
 from paddlespeech.audio._internal import module_utils  as _mod_utils
 from paddlespeech.audio import _paddleaudio as paddleaudio 
@@ -48,31 +48,53 @@ def load(
         normalize: bool = True,
         channels_first: bool = True,
         format: Optional[str]=None, ) -> Tuple[Tensor, int]:
+    if hasattr(filepath, "read"):
+        ret = paddleaudio.load_audio_fileobj(
+            filepath, frame_offset, num_frames, normalize, channels_first, format
+        )
+        if ret is not None:
+            audio_tensor = paddle.to_tensor(ret[0])
+            return (audio_tensor, ret[1])
+        return _fallback_load_fileobj(filepath, frame_offset, num_frames, normalize, channels_first, format)
+    filepath = os.fspath(filepath)
     ret = paddleaudio.sox_io_load_audio_file(
         filepath, frame_offset, num_frames, normalize, channels_first, format
     )
     if ret is not None:
-        return ret
+        audio_tensor = paddle.to_tensor(ret[0])
+        return (audio_tensor, ret[1])
     return _fallback_load(filepath, frame_offset, num_frames, normalize, channels_first, format)
 
 
 @_mod_utils.requires_sox()
-def save(filepath: str, 
-         frame_offset: int = 0,
-         num_frames: int = -1, 
-         normalize: bool = True,
-         channels_first: bool = True,
-         format: Optional[str] = None) -> Tuple[Tensor, int]:
-    ret = paddleaudio.sox_io_load_audio_file(
-        filepath, frame_offset, num_frames, normalize, channels_first, format
+def save(filepath: str,
+    src: Tensor,
+    sample_rate: int,
+    channels_first: bool = True,
+    compression: Optional[float] = None,
+    format: Optional[str] = None,
+    encoding: Optional[str] = None,
+    bits_per_sample: Optional[int] = None,
+):
+    src_arr = src.numpy()
+    if hasattr(filepath, "write"):
+        paddleaudio.save_audio_fileobj(
+            filepath, src_arr, sample_rate, channels_first, compression, format, encoding, bits_per_sample
+        )
+        return
+    filepath = os.fspath(filepath)
+    paddleaudio.sox_io_save_audio_file(
+        filepath, src_arr, sample_rate, channels_first, compression, format, encoding, bits_per_sample
     )
-    if ret is not None:
-        return ret
-    return _fallback_load(filepath, frame_offset, num_frames, normalize, channels_first, format)
-
 
 @_mod_utils.requires_sox()
 def info(filepath: str, format: Optional[str]) -> None:
+    if hasattr(filepath, "read"):
+        sinfo = paddleaudio.get_info_fileojb(filepath, format)
+        if sinfo is not None:
+            return AudioMetaData(*sinfo)
+        return _fallback_info_fileobj(filepath, format)
+    filepath = os.fspath(filepath)
     sinfo = paddleaudio.get_info_file(filepath, format)
     if sinfo is not None:
         return AudioMetaData(*sinfo)
diff --git a/paddlespeech/audio/src/pybind/pybind.cpp b/paddlespeech/audio/src/pybind/pybind.cpp
index 776e43a7e..24cf0eb18 100644
--- a/paddlespeech/audio/src/pybind/pybind.cpp
+++ b/paddlespeech/audio/src/pybind/pybind.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ PYBIND11_MODULE(_paddleaudio, m) {
           &paddleaudio::sox_io::get_info_file,
           "Get metadata of audio file.");
     // support obj later
-    /*m.def("get_info_fileobj",
+    m.def("get_info_fileobj",
           &paddleaudio::sox_io::get_info_fileobj,
           "Get metadata of audio in file object.");
     m.def("load_audio_fileobj",
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ PYBIND11_MODULE(_paddleaudio, m) {
     m.def("save_audio_fileobj",
           &paddleaudio::sox_io::save_audio_fileobj,
           "Save audio to file obj.");
-          */
+          
     // sox io
      m.def("sox_io_get_info", &paddleaudio::sox_io::get_info_file);
      m.def(
diff --git a/paddlespeech/audio/src/pybind/sox/effects_chain.cpp b/paddlespeech/audio/src/pybind/sox/effects_chain.cpp
index 4ad90da36..15fc6d26e 100644
--- a/paddlespeech/audio/src/pybind/sox/effects_chain.cpp
+++ b/paddlespeech/audio/src/pybind/sox/effects_chain.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include <sox.h>
-
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
 #include "paddlespeech/audio/src/pybind/sox/effects_chain.h"
 #include "paddlespeech/audio/src/pybind/sox/utils.h"
 
@@ -42,6 +43,7 @@ int tensor_input_drain(sox_effect_t* effp, sox_sample_t* obuf, size_t* osamp) {
   if (index + *osamp > num_samples) {
     *osamp = num_samples - index;
   }
+
   // Ensure that it's a multiple of the number of channels
   *osamp -= *osamp % num_channels;
 
@@ -49,52 +51,80 @@ int tensor_input_drain(sox_effect_t* effp, sox_sample_t* obuf, size_t* osamp) {
   // refacor this module, chunk
   auto i_frame = index / num_channels;
   auto num_frames = *osamp / num_channels;
-  py::array chunk(tensor.dtype(), {num_frames*num_channels});
+
+  std::vector<int> chunk(num_frames*num_channels);
   py::buffer_info ori_info = tensor.request();
-  py::buffer_info info = chunk.request();
-  char* ori_start_ptr = (char*)ori_info.ptr + index * chunk.itemsize() / sizeof(char);
-  std::memcpy(info.ptr, ori_start_ptr, chunk.nbytes());
-  
-  py::dtype chunk_type = py::dtype("i"); // dtype int32
-  py::array new_chunk = py::array(chunk_type, chunk.shape());
-  py::buffer_info new_info = new_chunk.request();
-  void* ptr = (void*) info.ptr;
-  int* new_ptr = (int*) new_info.ptr;
+  void* ptr = ori_info.ptr;
   // Convert to sox_sample_t (int32_t)
-  switch (chunk.dtype().num()) {
+  switch (tensor.dtype().num()) {
     //case c10::ScalarType::Float: {
     case 11: {
+      break;
       // Need to convert to 64-bit precision so that
       // values around INT32_MIN/MAX are handled correctly.
-      float* ptr_f = (float*)ptr;
       for (int idx = 0; idx < chunk.size(); ++idx) {
-        double elem = *ptr_f * 2147483648.;
+        int frame_idx = (idx + index) / num_channels;
+        int channels_idx = (idx + index) % num_channels;
+        double elem = 0; 
+        if (priv->channels_first) {
+          elem = *(float*)tensor.data(channels_idx, frame_idx);
+        } else {
+          elem = *(float*)tensor.data(frame_idx, channels_idx);
+        } 
+        elem = elem * 2147483648.;
         // *new_ptr = std::clamp(elem, INT32_MIN, INT32_MAX);
         if (elem > INT32_MAX) { 
-          *new_ptr = INT32_MAX; 
+          chunk[idx] = INT32_MAX; 
         } else if (elem < INT32_MIN) {
-          *new_ptr = INT32_MIN; 
-        } else { *new_ptr = elem; }
+          chunk[idx] = INT32_MIN; 
+        } else { 
+          chunk[idx] = elem;
+        }
       }
       break;
     }
     //case c10::ScalarType::Int: {
     case 5: {
+      for (int idx = 0; idx < chunk.size(); ++idx) {
+        int frame_idx = (idx + index) / num_channels;
+        int channels_idx = (idx + index) % num_channels;
+        int elem = 0;
+        if (priv->channels_first) {
+          elem = *(int*)tensor.data(channels_idx, frame_idx);
+        } else {
+          elem = *(int*)tensor.data(frame_idx, channels_idx);
+        }
+        chunk[idx] = elem;
+      }
       break;
     }
     // case short
     case 3: {
-      int16_t* ptr_s = (int16_t*) ptr;
       for (int idx = 0; idx < chunk.size(); ++idx) {
-        *new_ptr = *ptr_s * 65536; 
+        int frame_idx = (idx + index) / num_channels;
+        int channels_idx = (idx + index) % num_channels;
+        int16_t elem = 0;
+        if (priv->channels_first) {
+          elem = *(int16_t*)tensor.data(channels_idx, frame_idx);
+        } else {
+          elem = *(int16_t*)tensor.data(frame_idx, channels_idx);
+        }
+        chunk[idx] = elem * 65536;
       }
       break;
     }
     // case byte
     case 1: {
-      int8_t* ptr_b = (int8_t*) ptr;
       for (int idx = 0; idx < chunk.size(); ++idx) {
-        *new_ptr = (*ptr_b - 128) * 16777216; 
+        int frame_idx = (idx + index) / num_channels;
+        int channels_idx = (idx + index) % num_channels;
+        int8_t elem = 0;
+        if (priv->channels_first) {
+          elem = *(int8_t*)tensor.data(channels_idx, frame_idx);
+        } else {
+          elem = *(int8_t*)tensor.data(frame_idx, channels_idx);
+        }
+        chunk[idx] = (elem - 128) * 16777216; 
       }
       break;
     }
@@ -102,7 +132,7 @@ int tensor_input_drain(sox_effect_t* effp, sox_sample_t* obuf, size_t* osamp) {
       throw std::runtime_error("Unexpected dtype.");
   }
   // Write to buffer
-  memcpy(obuf, (int*)new_info.ptr, *osamp * 4);
+  memcpy(obuf, chunk.data(), *osamp * 4);
   priv->index += *osamp;
   return (priv->index == num_samples) ? SOX_EOF : SOX_SUCCESS;
 }
diff --git a/tests/unit/audio/backends/sox_io/save_test.py b/tests/unit/audio/backends/sox_io/save_test.py
index ae18a29ef..269c502a3 100644
--- a/tests/unit/audio/backends/sox_io/save_test.py
+++ b/tests/unit/audio/backends/sox_io/save_test.py
@@ -1,34 +1,177 @@
-# Copyright (c) 2022 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserved.
-#
-# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-# You may obtain a copy of the License at
-#
-#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-#
-# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-# limitations under the License.
+import io
+import os
 import unittest
 
 import numpy as np
 import paddle
-
+from parameterized import parameterized
 from paddlespeech.audio.backends import sox_io_backend
 
-class TestInfo(unittest.TestCase):
-
-    def test_wav(self, dtype, sample_rate, num_channels, sample_size):
-        """check wav file correctly """
-        path = 'testdata/test.wav'
-        info = sox_io_backend.get_info_file(path)
-        assert info.sample_rate == sample_rate
-        assert info.num_frames == sample_size # duration*sample_rate
-        assert info.num_channels == num_channels
-        assert info.bits_per_sample == get_bit_depth(dtype)
-        assert info.encoding == get_encoding('wav', dtype)
-        
+from tests.unit.common_utils import (
+    get_wav_data,
+    load_wav,
+    save_wav,
+    nested_params,
+    TempDirMixin,
+    sox_utils
+)
+
+#code is from:https://github.com/pytorch/audio/blob/main/torchaudio/test/torchaudio_unittest/backend/sox_io/save_test.py
+
+def _get_sox_encoding(encoding):
+    encodings = {
+        "PCM_F": "floating-point",
+        "PCM_S": "signed-integer",
+        "PCM_U": "unsigned-integer",
+        "ULAW": "u-law",
+        "ALAW": "a-law",
+    }
+    return encodings.get(encoding)
+
+class TestSaveBase(TempDirMixin):
+    def assert_save_consistency(
+        self,
+        format: str,
+        *,
+        compression: float = None,
+        encoding: str = None,
+        bits_per_sample: int = None,
+        sample_rate: float = 8000,
+        num_channels: int = 2,
+        num_frames: float = 3 * 8000,
+        src_dtype: str = "int32",
+        test_mode: str = "path",
+    ):
+        """`save` function produces file that is comparable with `sox` command
+
+        To compare that the file produced by `save` function agains the file produced by
+        the equivalent `sox` command, we need to load both files.
+        But there are many formats that cannot be opened with common Python modules (like
+        SciPy).
+        So we use `sox` command to prepare the original data and convert the saved files
+        into a format that SciPy can read (PCM wav).
+        The following diagram illustrates this process. The difference is 2.1. and 3.1.
+
+        This assumes that
+         - loading data with SciPy preserves the data well.
+         - converting the resulting files into WAV format with `sox` preserve the data well.
+
+                          x
+                          | 1. Generate source wav file with SciPy
+                          |
+                          v
+          -------------- wav ----------------
+         |                                   |
+         | 2.1. load with scipy              | 3.1. Convert to the target
+         |   then save it into the target    |      format depth with sox
+         |   format with torchaudio          |
+         v                                   v
+        target format                       target format
+         |                                   |
+         | 2.2. Convert to wav with sox      | 3.2. Convert to wav with sox
+         |                                   |
+         v                                   v
+        wav                                 wav
+         |                                   |
+         | 2.3. load with scipy              | 3.3. load with scipy
+         |                                   |
+         v                                   v
+        tensor -------> compare <--------- tensor
+
+        """
+        cmp_encoding = "floating-point"
+        cmp_bit_depth = 32
+
+        src_path = self.get_temp_path("1.source.wav")
+        tgt_path = self.get_temp_path(f"2.1.torchaudio.{format}")
+        tst_path = self.get_temp_path("2.2.result.wav")
+        sox_path = self.get_temp_path(f"3.1.sox.{format}")
+        ref_path = self.get_temp_path("3.2.ref.wav")
+
+        # 1. Generate original wav
+        data = get_wav_data(src_dtype, num_channels, normalize=False, num_frames=num_frames)
+        save_wav(src_path, data, sample_rate)
+
+        # 2.1. Convert the original wav to target format with torchaudio
+        data = load_wav(src_path, normalize=False)[0]
+        if test_mode == "path":
+            sox_io_backend.save(
+                tgt_path, data, sample_rate, compression=compression, encoding=encoding, bits_per_sample=bits_per_sample
+            )
+        elif test_mode == "fileobj":
+            with open(tgt_path, "bw") as file_:
+                sox_io_backend.save(
+                    file_,
+                    data,
+                    sample_rate,
+                    format=format,
+                    compression=compression,
+                    encoding=encoding,
+                    bits_per_sample=bits_per_sample,
+                )
+        elif test_mode == "bytesio":
+            file_ = io.BytesIO()
+            sox_io_backend.save(
+                file_,
+                data,
+                sample_rate,
+                format=format,
+                compression=compression,
+                encoding=encoding,
+                bits_per_sample=bits_per_sample,
+            )
+            file_.seek(0)
+            with open(tgt_path, "bw") as f:
+                f.write(file_.read())
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(f"Unexpected test mode: {test_mode}")
+        # 2.2. Convert the target format to wav with sox
+        sox_utils.convert_audio_file(tgt_path, tst_path, encoding=cmp_encoding, bit_depth=cmp_bit_depth)
+        # 2.3. Load with SciPy
+        found = load_wav(tst_path, normalize=False)[0]
+
+        # 3.1. Convert the original wav to target format with sox
+        sox_encoding = _get_sox_encoding(encoding)
+        sox_utils.convert_audio_file(
+            src_path, sox_path, compression=compression, encoding=sox_encoding, bit_depth=bits_per_sample
+        )
+        # 3.2. Convert the target format to wav with sox
+        sox_utils.convert_audio_file(sox_path, ref_path, encoding=cmp_encoding, bit_depth=cmp_bit_depth)
+        # 3.3. Load with SciPy
+        expected = load_wav(ref_path, normalize=False)[0]
+
+        np.testing.assert_array_almost_equal(found, expected)
+
+class TestSave(TestSaveBase, unittest.TestCase):
+    @nested_params(
+        ["path",],
+        [
+            ("PCM_U", 8),
+            ("PCM_S", 16),
+            ("PCM_S", 32),
+            ("PCM_F", 32),
+            ("PCM_F", 64),
+            ("ULAW", 8),
+            ("ALAW", 8),
+        ],
+    )
+    def test_save_wav(self, test_mode, enc_params):
+        encoding, bits_per_sample = enc_params
+        self.assert_save_consistency("wav", encoding=encoding, bits_per_sample=bits_per_sample, test_mode=test_mode)
+
+    @nested_params(
+        ["path", ],
+        [
+            ("float32",),
+            ("int32",),
+            ("int16",),
+            ("uint8",),
+        ],
+    )
+    def test_save_wav_dtype(self, test_mode, params):
+        (dtype,) = params
+        self.assert_save_consistency("wav", src_dtype=dtype, test_mode=test_mode)
+
+
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     unittest.main()
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/unit/common_utils/__init__.py b/tests/unit/common_utils/__init__.py
index dae409f3c..722a9789f 100644
--- a/tests/unit/common_utils/__init__.py
+++ b/tests/unit/common_utils/__init__.py
@@ -1,8 +1,14 @@
 from .wav_utils import get_wav_data, load_wav, save_wav, normalize_wav
+from .parameterized_utils import load_params, nested_params
+from .case_utils import (
+    TempDirMixin
+)
 
 __all__ = [
     "get_wav_data",
     "load_wav",
     "save_wav",
-    "normalize_wav"
+    "normalize_wav",
+    "load_params",
+    "nested_params",
 ]
diff --git a/tests/unit/common_utils/case_utils.py b/tests/unit/common_utils/case_utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cee2f29c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/common_utils/case_utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+import functools
+import os.path
+import shutil
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import tempfile
+import time
+import unittest
+
+import paddle
+from paddlespeech.audio._internal.module_utils import (
+    is_kaldi_available,
+    is_module_available,
+    is_sox_available,
+)
+
+class TempDirMixin:
+    """Mixin to provide easy access to temp dir"""
+
+    temp_dir_ = None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_base_temp_dir(cls):
+        # If TORCHAUDIO_TEST_TEMP_DIR is set, use it instead of temporary directory.
+        # this is handy for debugging.
+        key = "TORCHAUDIO_TEST_TEMP_DIR"
+        if key in os.environ:
+            return os.environ[key]
+        if cls.temp_dir_ is None:
+            cls.temp_dir_ = tempfile.TemporaryDirectory()
+        return cls.temp_dir_.name
+
+    @classmethod
+    def tearDownClass(cls):
+        if cls.temp_dir_ is not None:
+            try:
+                cls.temp_dir_.cleanup()
+                cls.temp_dir_ = None
+            except PermissionError:
+                # On Windows there is a know issue with `shutil.rmtree`,
+                # which fails intermittenly.
+                #
+                # https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/74168
+                #
+                # We observed this on CircleCI, where Windows job raises
+                # PermissionError.
+                #
+                # Following the above thread, we ignore it.
+                pass
+        super().tearDownClass()
+
+    def get_temp_path(self, *paths):
+        temp_dir = os.path.join(self.get_base_temp_dir(), self.id())
+        path = os.path.join(temp_dir, *paths)
+        os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(path), exist_ok=True)
+        return path
diff --git a/tests/unit/common_utils/parameterized_utils.py b/tests/unit/common_utils/parameterized_utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..95af65c84
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/common_utils/parameterized_utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+import json
+from itertools import product
+
+from parameterized import param, parameterized
+
+def get_asset_path(*paths):
+    """Return full path of a test asset"""
+    return os.path.join(_TEST_DIR_PATH, "assets", *paths)
+
+def load_params(*paths):
+    with open(get_asset_path(*paths), "r") as file:
+        return [param(json.loads(line)) for line in file]
+
+def _name_func(func, _, params):
+    strs = []
+    for arg in params.args:
+        if isinstance(arg, tuple):
+            strs.append("_".join(str(a) for a in arg))
+        else:
+            strs.append(str(arg))
+    # sanitize the test name
+    name = "_".join(strs)
+    return parameterized.to_safe_name(f"{func.__name__}_{name}")
+
+
+def nested_params(*params_set, name_func=_name_func):
+    """Generate the cartesian product of the given list of parameters.
+
+    Args:
+        params_set (list of parameters): Parameters. When using ``parameterized.param`` class,
+            all the parameters have to be specified with the class, only using kwargs.
+    """
+    flatten = [p for params in params_set for p in params]
+
+    # Parameters to be nested are given as list of plain objects
+    if all(not isinstance(p, param) for p in flatten):
+        args = list(product(*params_set))
+        return parameterized.expand(args, name_func=_name_func)
+
+    # Parameters to be nested are given as list of `parameterized.param`
+    if not all(isinstance(p, param) for p in flatten):
+        raise TypeError("When using ``parameterized.param``, " "all the parameters have to be of the ``param`` type.")
+    if any(p.args for p in flatten):
+        raise ValueError(
+            "When using ``parameterized.param``, " "all the parameters have to be provided as keyword argument."
+        )
+    args = [param()]
+    for params in params_set:
+        args = [param(**x.kwargs, **y.kwargs) for x in args for y in params]
+    return parameterized.expand(args)
diff --git a/tests/unit/common_utils/sox_utils.py b/tests/unit/common_utils/sox_utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6ceae081e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/unit/common_utils/sox_utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import warnings
+
+
+def get_encoding(dtype):
+    encodings = {
+        "float32": "floating-point",
+        "int32": "signed-integer",
+        "int16": "signed-integer",
+        "uint8": "unsigned-integer",
+    }
+    return encodings[dtype]
+
+
+def get_bit_depth(dtype):
+    bit_depths = {
+        "float32": 32,
+        "int32": 32,
+        "int16": 16,
+        "uint8": 8,
+    }
+    return bit_depths[dtype]
+
+
+def gen_audio_file(
+    path,
+    sample_rate,
+    num_channels,
+    *,
+    encoding=None,
+    bit_depth=None,
+    compression=None,
+    attenuation=None,
+    duration=1,
+    comment_file=None,
+):
+    """Generate synthetic audio file with `sox` command."""
+    if path.endswith(".wav"):
+        warnings.warn("Use get_wav_data and save_wav to generate wav file for accurate result.")
+    command = [
+        "sox",
+        "-V3",  # verbose
+        "--no-dither",  # disable automatic dithering
+        "-R",
+        # -R is supposed to be repeatable, though the implementation looks suspicious
+        # and not setting the seed to a fixed value.
+        # https://fossies.org/dox/sox-14.4.2/sox_8c_source.html
+        # search "sox_globals.repeatable"
+    ]
+    if bit_depth is not None:
+        command += ["--bits", str(bit_depth)]
+    command += [
+        "--rate",
+        str(sample_rate),
+        "--null",  # no input
+        "--channels",
+        str(num_channels),
+    ]
+    if compression is not None:
+        command += ["--compression", str(compression)]
+    if bit_depth is not None:
+        command += ["--bits", str(bit_depth)]
+    if encoding is not None:
+        command += ["--encoding", str(encoding)]
+    if comment_file is not None:
+        command += ["--comment-file", str(comment_file)]
+    command += [
+        str(path),
+        "synth",
+        str(duration),  # synthesizes for the given duration [sec]
+        "sawtooth",
+        "1",
+        # saw tooth covers the both ends of value range, which is a good property for test.
+        # similar to linspace(-1., 1.)
+        # this introduces bigger boundary effect than sine when converted to mp3
+    ]
+    if attenuation is not None:
+        command += ["vol", f"-{attenuation}dB"]
+    print(" ".join(command), file=sys.stderr)
+    subprocess.run(command, check=True)
+
+
+def convert_audio_file(src_path, dst_path, *, encoding=None, bit_depth=None, compression=None):
+    """Convert audio file with `sox` command."""
+    command = ["sox", "-V3", "--no-dither", "-R", str(src_path)]
+    if encoding is not None:
+        command += ["--encoding", str(encoding)]
+    if bit_depth is not None:
+        command += ["--bits", str(bit_depth)]
+    if compression is not None:
+        command += ["--compression", str(compression)]
+    command += [dst_path]
+    print(" ".join(command), file=sys.stderr)
+    subprocess.run(command, check=True)
+
+
+def _flattern(effects):
+    if not effects:
+        return effects
+    if isinstance(effects[0], str):
+        return effects
+    return [item for sublist in effects for item in sublist]
+
+
+def run_sox_effect(input_file, output_file, effect, *, output_sample_rate=None, output_bitdepth=None):
+    """Run sox effects"""
+    effect = _flattern(effect)
+    command = ["sox", "-V", "--no-dither", input_file]
+    if output_bitdepth:
+        command += ["--bits", str(output_bitdepth)]
+    command += [output_file] + effect
+    if output_sample_rate:
+        command += ["rate", str(output_sample_rate)]
+    print(" ".join(command))
+    subprocess.run(command, check=True)