Data-Science-For-Beginners/3-Data-Visualization/12-visualization-proportions

Visualizing Proportions

In this lesson, you will use a different nature-focused dataset to visualize proportions, such as how many different types of fungi populate a given dataset about mushrooms. Let's explore these fascinating fungi using a dataset sourced from Audubon listing details about 23 species of gilled mushrooms in the Agaricus and Lepiota families. You will experiment with tasty visualizations such as:

• Pie charts 🥧
• Waffle charts 🧇
• Donut charts 🍩 as well as
• Stacked bar charts

Pre-Lecture Quiz

Pre-lecture quiz

Get to know your mushrooms 🍄

Mushrooms are very interesting. Let's import a dataset to study them.

import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
mushrooms = pd.read_csv('../../data/mushrooms.csv')
mushrooms.head()

A table is printed out with some great data for analysis:

class	cap-shape	cap-surface	cap-color	bruises	odor	gill-attachment	gill-spacing	gill-size	gill-color	stalk-shape	stalk-root	stalk-surface-above-ring	stalk-surface-below-ring	stalk-color-above-ring	stalk-color-below-ring	veil-type	veil-color	ring-number	ring-type	spore-print-color	population	habitat
Poisonous	Convex	Smooth	Brown	Bruises	Pungent	Free	Close	Narrow	Black	Enlarging	Equal	Smooth	Smooth	White	White	Partial	White	One	Pendant	Black	Scattered	Urban
Edible	Convex	Smooth	Yellow	Bruises	Almond	Free	Close	Broad	Black	Enlarging	Club	Smooth	Smooth	White	White	Partial	White	One	Pendant	Brown	Numerous	Grasses
Edible	Bell	Smooth	White	Bruises	Anise	Free	Close	Broad	Brown	Enlarging	Club	Smooth	Smooth	White	White	Partial	White	One	Pendant	Brown	Numerous	Meadows
Poisonous	Convex	Scaly	White	Bruises	Pungent	Free	Close	Narrow	Brown	Enlarging	Equal	Smooth	Smooth	White	White	Partial	White	One	Pendant	Black	Scattered	Urban

Right away, you notice that all the data is textual. You will have to edit this data to be able to use it in a chart. Most of the data, in fact, is represented as an object:

print(mushrooms.select_dtypes(["object"]).columns)

The output is:

Index(['class', 'cap-shape', 'cap-surface', 'cap-color', 'bruises', 'odor',
       'gill-attachment', 'gill-spacing', 'gill-size', 'gill-color',
       'stalk-shape', 'stalk-root', 'stalk-surface-above-ring',
       'stalk-surface-below-ring', 'stalk-color-above-ring',
       'stalk-color-below-ring', 'veil-type', 'veil-color', 'ring-number',
       'ring-type', 'spore-print-color', 'population', 'habitat'],
      dtype='object')

Take this data and convert the 'class' column to a category:

cols = mushrooms.select_dtypes(["object"]).columns
mushrooms[cols] = mushrooms[cols].astype('category')

Now, if you print out the mushrooms data, you can see that it has been grouped into categories according to the poisonous/edible class:

	cap-shape	cap-surface	cap-color	bruises	odor	gill-attachment	gill-spacing	gill-size	gill-color	stalk-shape	...	stalk-surface-below-ring	stalk-color-above-ring	stalk-color-below-ring	veil-type	veil-color	ring-number	ring-type	spore-print-color	population	habitat
class
Edible	4208	4208	4208	4208	4208	4208	4208	4208	4208	4208	...	4208	4208	4208	4208	4208	4208	4208	4208	4208	4208
Poisonous	3916	3916	3916	3916	3916	3916	3916	3916	3916	3916	...	3916	3916	3916	3916	3916	3916	3916	3916	3916	3916

If you follow the order presented in this table to create your class category labels, you can build a pie chart:

labels=['Edible','Poisonous']
plt.pie(edibleclass['population'],labels=labels,autopct='%.1f %%')
plt.title('Edible?')
plt.show()

Voila, a pie chart showing the proportions of this data according to these two classes of mushroom. It's quite important to get the order of labels correct, especially here, so be sure to verify the order the label array is built!

🚀 Challenge

Post-Lecture Quiz

Post-lecture quiz

Review & Self Study

Assignment

Assignment Title